Monitoring Internet Communication

The Internet has for many become a symbol of freedom – freedom of communication, human interaction, and flow of information. People all over the world can with ease submit their ideas and feelings to this virtual medium and retrieve from it the equally free ideas of other people. However, some claim that Internet communication does not have to be as free as it is. Instead, it needs to be monitored to prevent its usage as a medium for terrorist organisations, drug dealers, fraudsters, and other criminal or unlawful groupings. Others point out that Internet is virtually the only way for people with oppressive regimes to access information that will present them with an objective picture of the outside world. While there are reasons for both points, free speech should take precedence in democratic nations, and therefore Internet monitoring is a harmful practice. Such monitoring is in fact a violation of free speech, one of the inalienable human rights. Generations of thinkers and revolutionaries lost their lives for the triumph of democracy that is only possible with free speech as one of its cornerstones. If the American journalists, for instance, had been deprived of the right to criticise Presidents, senators, congressmen, and other political leaders, it is hard to imagine what the nation would have turned into. Constant monitoring of political leaders is what gives the nation a chance to remain democratic. On the other hand, nations like China are banning certain websites to blind their citizens to what is going on in the rest of the world. This shows that freedom of speech is a hallmark of a democratic nation, and monitoring Internet communication violates these rights. Giving an individual person the right to know constitutes the respect of the autonomy of an individual. A human being has the right to access information pertaining to different spheres of life and should not be restricted in this ability by the opinion of the few. Since, if Internet communication is to be monitored to ban, for instance, pornographic material, the question arises: who will be the people that will decide what is pornography and what is not? The Ancient Greek statues could easily be termed inappropriate by some medieval priest. Putting access to information at the judgement of a few obscure individuals will make these people make decisions for all, and there is no guarantee that their judgement will help society make better choices. A popular objection that without monitoring Internet content someone â€Å"might unknowingly visit a Web site with this material and cause him- or herself mental harm† does not seem valid either (Garlock, 1999). The problem is that Internet is like life in the sense that it encompasses a great deal of its variety and glory. You cannot shield yourself from harmful influences in life any more than you can on the Internet. If someone is disgusted, for instance, by the site of the sick and the crippled, no one will remove them from streets just to please the person. Similarly, the Internet has to contain images and information about the outside world that reflects its diversity. Therefore, no one can isolate oneself from harmful influence on the Internet since they reflect real life. Thus, monitoring Internet communication is hardly a valid idea. In the political realm, it will lead to restriction of freedom that can bring about the emergence of un-democratic regimes oppressing ill-informed citizens. On the other hand, giving people a free medium is one of the ways to save them from the state’s propaganda machine by letting them see alternative viewpoints. Monitoring is also a bad idea because it will put the individual at the mercy of a select group that will perform the monitoring in accordance with their own ideas and perceptions. Finally, the idea of using Internet as a means of protecting people from undesirable content does not hold simply because no one can hide in a ‘hole’ from real life. The only option is to go to sites that you yourself think proper for you and avoid troublesome content. With respect to others, one can paraphrase Voltaire’s words: â€Å"I disapprove of what you post, but I will defend to the death your right to place it online†. References Garlock, A. (1999). Internet Censorship. Retrieved April 25, 2006 Wollstein, J. Freedom of Speech Under Siege. Retrieved April 25, 2006, from http://www.serendipity.li/cda/freespee.html

Haier, an international icon: Success Factors and Market Challenges Essay

Born out of Qingdao Refrigerator Factory in 1984, the Haier (pronounced â€Å"high-er†) Group is China’s largest home appliance manufacturer (Wang and Ong 2007), and the world’s fourth largest white goods manufacturer (Chen 2008). Haier was ranked first among China’s Top 10 Global Brands by the Financial Times in 2005 (Haier’s company facts 2008). It was also ranked 86th among the world’s 500 Most Influential Brands by World Brand Lab in 2006 and is the only Chinese brand to be among the top 100 for three consecutive years. (Haier’s company facts 2008). Its Chairman and CEO, Zhang Ruimin who was appointed in 1984 as the director has been credited for pulling Haier out of bankruptcy to become a global corporation (Zhang Ruimin 2006) with annual turnover of USD16.2 billion in 2006 (Haier’s company facts 2008). Zhang was ranked 26th among World’s Most Respected Business Leaders by the Financial Times in 2005 and 6th among Asia’s 25 Most Powerful People in Business by Fortune magazine in 2004Haier’s key markets are China, Europe, USA, Japan (Beebe et al 2006) and India (Mumbai 2007). It has over 240 subsidiaries and 87 trading companies, design centers and industrial parks and over 50,000 employees worldwide (Haier’s company facts 2008). HAIER’S PATH TO SUCCESSIn 1984, CEO Zhang Ruimin took over the nearly bankrupt refrigerator factory (Lin 2005, 1). Today, Haier is known as a global brand. How did it become such as a success (Lin 2005, 1)?Strong leadership, customer service, product quality, innovation, speed, pricing, positioning, localisation of design, production and sales, latecomer advantages and market entry strategy are among the top ten factors for Haier’s success. Strong LeadershipZhang Ruimin (Zhang), Chairman and CEO of Haier is described as down-to-earth and a charismatic leader who has worked his way up (Chinaview People: Zhang Ruimin 2003). Zhang demonstrated out-of-the-box thinking and risk-taking when he combined traditional Chinese philosophy with modern Western management style (Chinaview People: Zhang Ruimin 2003) and avoided following norms of the industry (Wu 2003). â€Å"From the OEC management model of â€Å"Never Leave Today’s Work Till Tomorrow† and â€Å"Daily Settlement Leads to Daily Improvement† to the market chain management†, Zhang’s unique management ideas have won praises and is much of a discussion topic among management specialists and top universities around the world (Chinaview People: Zhang Ruimin 2003). Zhang’s aspiration for Haier to become a global brand began during the early stage he took on the factory (Liu and Li 2002, 701) With this ambition, Zhang set clear objectives and focuses in building the brand, diversifying product lines, going international and now building a global brand name in different phases (Haier’s development strategy 2008). In 2006, for the fourth consecutive year (Haier introduction 2008), Haier was ranked first for overall leadership among Chinese companies in the Wall Street Journal Asia’s annual survey of Asia’s 200 Most Admired Companies (Areddy 2006). Customer ServiceHaier aims to provide excellent customer service to gain an advantage over Western rivals who can be more complacent (Business in China: Double Star Group and Haier Group succeed without the consultants 2003, 14). To achieve this, Haier developed a customer-focused culture by reducing the distance between employees and customers requiring all employees to sell products, listen to customers and understand rivals’ products on a regular basis (Denison 2001, 222). Haier also set up more than 11,000 customer service centres in 160 countries (Yi and Ye 2003, 204) hiring and training locals to provide after-sale service to local customers (Li and Chen 2007). Haier’s dedication to customer service has won the â€Å"Five Star Diamond Award† presented by the American Quality and Service Society (Haier 1996). Product QualityZhang knows that the key to survival and future development is to establish and continue to improve product quality. To drive the  importance of quality, Zhang ordered responsible workers to destroy 76 defective refrigerators (Xu et al 2006, 30-31). As a result, Haier received the first ever National Gold Medal Award in China’s refrigerator industry (Haier 1988) and ranked first in China’s Top 15 Brands by Forbes (Kim 2003). InnovationTo improve its technology knowledge and create innovative products, Haier has been increasing investment in research and development (R&D) (Duysters et al 2008, 16) establishing an extensive global R&D and design network (DiPaolo and Li 2007). Its R&D investment is significantly higher than the market average – RMB6.7 billion in 2006, equivalent to 6.2 percent of its sales (DiPaolo and Li 2007). Haier also formed alliances with leading companies such as Liebherr, Philips, Mitsubishi and Toshiba to acquire manufacturing and technological know-hows, expand product lines as well as enter foreign markets (Duysters et al 2008, 11-12). The basis of China’s advantage is low-cost labour (Zeng and Williamson 2007, 27). Haier is take advantage of the cost advantage to provide high technology, choice and customised and specialty products at low price (Zeng and Williamson 2007, 55). Using cost innovation, Haier gained brand awareness in the US by making compact refrigerators and wine chillers to the mass market (Jain, Malik and Cruickshank 2006, 21). SpeedHaier understands that the speed in bringing products to customers to satisfy their needs before rivals is important to win them over (Wu 2003). Since entering US markets, Haier has gained one-third (Lin 2005, 2) of market share in the compact refrigerators for dormitories and offices and created the market for stand-alone wine coolers (Haley and Haley 2006, 46). PricingChinese products are often viewed as low quality (Xin and Yeung 2007). Aware of the poor image of Chinese products, Haier price its products at a five per cent premium over its Korean rivals, LG and Samsung (Chinese consumer durable firms eye a bigger piece of action 2008) so that its products will be perceived as â€Å"top-of-the-line† (Gupta 2006). PositioningHaier positions itself as a premium brand and aims to develop Haier as a dependable, high-technology global leader (Gupta 2003). Haier is not targeting at different classes of consumers instead â€Å"it wants consumers to feel that Haier is closest to satisfying their needs† (Haier’s Aim: â€Å"Develop Our Brand Overseas† 2003). Localisation of Design, Production and SalesHaier set up local design, production and sales facilities, and industrial parks in US, Europe, Asia Pacific and Middle East and employs mainly local people (Haier Press Room 2008). With localised operations, Haier is able to respond more quickly to changing customers’ needs (Young and Nie 1996, 12) and to be accepted by the local community (Haier Press Room 2008). Latecomer AdvantagesInstead of creating a new business model from scratch (Duysters et al 2008, 8), Haier, as a latecomer, has the advantage of comparing and modifying its business models against those of established rivals identifying niches, for example compact refrigerators in the US (Wu 2003) that larger rivals have overlooked (Duysters et al 2008, 8) or do not have the flexibility to adopt (Bartlett and Ghoshal 2000, 139). Market Entry StrategyHaier started exporting to tough markets such as United States (US) and Germany as Zhang (Wu 2003) believes that once it gained brand recognition in these markets, it will be easier for Haier to enter neighbouring developing countries (Liu and Li 2002, 702-703). When entering a new market, Haier introduced one product at a time. It first introduced refrigerators in the US market. Once the product becomes successful, Haier began introducing washing machines lines and other products capitalising on the brand awareness (Liu and Li 2002, 703). CHALLENGES AHEADChinese manufacturers including Haier now face increasing challenges posed by â€Å"decrease in orders from overseas markets† (Global recession hits China 2008), lack of resources, negative Chinese brand image, further margin squeeze and rising costs. Lack of R&D InfrastructureAlthough Haier increased investment in R&D, it can take years to catch up on the standard of the research in the West (Isaksen 2006). One big obstacle that marketing research firms face in China is the lack of infrastructure to carry out surveys (Isaksen 2006). Lack of Qualified Human ResourcesManagers with experience managing an international operation are scarce (Beebe et al 2006, 7). This shortage can negatively influence Haier’s global expansion (Liu and Li 2002, 703). For example, managers from the Chinese and American operations find it difficult to have productive discussions due to language barrier (Liu and Li 2002, 703). Global Brand Awareness and ImageChinese companies including Haier lack global brand awareness in developed markets in the US and Europe (Xin and Yeung 2007, 3) and suffer negative brand image of cheap, poor quality and unreliable (Swystun, Burt and Ly 2005, 3). This negative image is further weakened with the recent milk scandal (Made in China 2008: The Challenge for Chinese Brands Going Global 2008). Changing Western consumers’ perception requires years of marketing efforts (Liu and Li 2002, 704). Dominant Bargaining Power of BuyersHaier distributes its products with retail giants like Wal-Mart who have large buying power (Rosenbloom and Diane 1993, 78). These retail giants pursue mass merchandising strategies that emphasize low prices and low margins (Rosenbloom and Diane 1993, 80). With the global recession of 2008, retailers are likely to further squeeze Haier’s margins (Bhaskaran 2008, 2). Rising CostsThe increasing cost of labour, raw materials especially steel (Industry analysts forecast price rise for white goods 2008), oil as well as the strengthening of the yuan has greatly affected Haier’s margins (Roberts 2008). REFERENCES Areddy, J.T. 2006. 2006 Asia 200 Report: Asia’s 200 Most Admired Companies. Wall Street Journal. http://www.wsj-asia.com/ (accessed December 28, 2008). Bartlett, C.A. and Ghoshal, S. 2000. Going global: Lessons from later movers. Harvard Business Review 78 (2): 132-142. EBSCOhost. http://web.ebscohost.com.dbgw.lis.curtin.edu.au/ (accessed December 28, 2008). Beebe, A., Chee, H., Feng, Y.Q. and Dr Shi, D.L. 2006. Going global: Prospects and challenges for Chinese companies on the world stage. IBM Business Consulting Service. http://www-935.ibm.com/ (accessed December 16, 2008). Bhaskaran, M. 2008. The world in 2009: Expect both downside and upside surprises. The Edge Singapore, December 29 – January 11. Business in China: Double Star Group and Haier Group succeed without the consultants. 2003. Strategic Direction 19 (8): 12-15. ProQuest. http://proquest.umi.com.dbgw.lis.curtin.edu.au/ (accessed December 18, 2008). Chen, S.C. 2008. Haier Forced To Raise Domestic White Goods Prices. Forbes, February 21. http://www.forbes.com/ (accessed December 16, 2008). Chinaview People: Zhang Ruimin. 2003. Xinhua News Agency. Xinhua News Agency http://news.xinhuanet.com/ (accessed December 15, 2008). Chinese consumer durable firms eye a bigger piece of action. 2008. Indian Brand Equity Foundation, April 09. Indian Brand Equity Foundation. http://www.ibef.org/ (accessed December 17, 2008). Denison, D.R. 2001. Managing Organizational Change in Transition Economies. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Google Book Search. http://books.google.com.sg/ (accessed December 28, 2008). DiPaolo, P. and Li, J. 2007. A Chinese company’s route to successful innovation: Stay true to it’s strategy. Bain. http://www.bain.com/ (accessed December 28, 2008). Duysters, G., Jacob, J., Lemmens, C. and Hu, J.T. 2008. Internationalization and technological catching up of emerging multinationals: A case study of China’s Haier Group. Working paper, UNU-MERIT. http://www.merit.unu.edu/publications/ (accessed December 15, 2008). Global recession hits China. 2008. China Knowledge, November 11. China Knowledge. http://www.chinaknowledge.com/ (accessed December 17, 2008)Gupta, S.D. 2003. The lowdown on Haier. Rediff.com, August 23. http://www.rediff.com/ (accessed December 15, 2008). Gupta, S.D. 2006. Chinese firms aim big in India. Rediff.com, April 29. Rediff.com http://www.rediff.com///money/2006/apr/29spec.htm (accessed December 16, 2008)Haier introduction. 2008. Haier. http://www.haier.com/ (accessed December 15, 2008). Haier’s Achievements. 2006. Haier http://www.haier.com.pk/abouthaierAch.asp (accessed December 15, 2008). Haier’s Aim: â€Å"Develop Our Brand Overseas†. 2003. BusinessWeek, March 31. BusinessWeek. http://www.businessweek.com/ (accessed December 20, 2008). Haier’s company facts. 2008. Haier. http://www.haier.com/ (accessed December 15, 2008). Haier’s development strategy. 2008. Haier. http://www.haier.com/ (accessed December 15, 2008). Haley. U.C.V. and Haley, G.T. 2006. The logic of Chinese business strategy: East versus West: part II. The Journal of Business Strategy 27 (2): 43-53. ProQuest. http://proquest.umi.com.dbgw.lis.curtin.edu.au/ (accessed December 15, 2008). Industry analysts forecast price rise for white goods. 2008. Xinhua News Agency, February 25. China Daily. http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/ (accessed December 18, 2008). Isaksen, J.E. 2006. China’s brand disadvantage. Thesis, Norges Handelshà ¸yskole. http://www.nhh.no/ (accessed December 15, 2008). Jain, V., Malik, S. and Cruickshank, J. 2006. The emerging threat of Asia’s corporate tigers Strategy & Leadership 34 (4): 19-24. ProQuest. http://proquest.umi.com.dbgw.lis.curtin.edu.au/ (accessed December 16, 2008). Kim. J.M. 2003. China’s Brands: China’s Best Prospects. Forbes, October 20. Forbes. http://www.forbes.com/ (accessed January 2, 2009). Li, N.X. and Chen, X.Q.D. 2007. Tips for Doing Business in Third Tier Markets. China Business Feature, Jun 27. China Business Feature. http://www.cbfeature.com/ (accessed December 16, 2008). Lin, T.W. 2005. OEC management control system helps China Haier group achieve competitive advantage. Management Accounting Quarterly 6 (3): 1-11. EBSCOhost. http://web.ebscohost.com.dbgw.lis.curtin.edu.au/ (accessed December 15, 2008). Liu, H. and Li, K.Q., 2002. Strategic implications of emerging Chinese multinationals: The Haier case study. European Management Journal, 20 (6): 699-706. Elsevier ScienceDirect. http://www.sciencedirect.com.dbgw.lis.curtin.edu.au/ (accessed December 28, 2008). Made in China 2008: The Challenge for Chinese Brands Going Global. 2008. Interbrand. http://www.interbrand.com/ (accessed December 16, 2008). Mumbai, M. 2007. Haier Launches First Refrigerator Manufacturing and R&D Facility in India. IndiaPRwire.com, August 9. IndiaPRwire.com http://www.indiaprwire.com/ (accessed December 16, 2008). Pocha, J. n.d. Enter the Chinese brands. Businessworld. http://www.businessworld.in/ (accessed December 17, 2008). Roberts, D. 2008. Haier Struggles to Overcome the China Slowdown. BusinessWeek, September 5. BusinessWeek http://www.businessweek.com/ (accessed December 16, 2008). Rosenbloom, B. and Diane, M. 1993. Dominant buyers: Are they changing the wholesaler’s role in marketing channels. Journal of Marketing Channels 3 (1): 73-90. Informaworld. http://www.informaworld.com/ (accessed December 28, 2008). Swystun, J., Burt, F. and Ly, A. 2005. The Strategy for Chinese Brands: Part 1 – The Perception Challenge. Interbrand, October. Interbrand. http://www.brandchannel.com/ (accessed December 15, 2008). Wang, Y. and Ong, J. 2007. Overseas sales bright for Chinese appliance maker Haier. Bloomberg News, August 14. International Herald Tribune. http://www.iht.com/ (accessed December 15, 2008). Wu, Y.B., 2003. China’s refrigerator magnate. McKinsey Quarterly, August. McKinsey Quarterly http://www.mckinseyquarterly.com/ (accessed December 16, 2008). Xin, K. and Yeung, A. 2007. Go Global: The Next Challenge For Corporate China. International Institute for Management Development, November. Institute for Management Development http://www.imd.ch/ (accessed December 16, 2008). Xu, Q.R., Zhu, L., Zheng, G. and Wang. F.R. 2006. Haier’s Tao of innovation-a case study of the emerging Total Innovation Management model. The Journal of Technology Transfer 32 (1-2): 27-47. SpringerLink. http://www.springerlink.com.dbgw.lis.curtin.edu.au/ (accessed December 15, 2008). Yi, J.J. and Ye, S.X. 2003. The Haier Way: The Making of a Chinese Business Leader and a Global Brand. Homa & Sekey Books. Google Book Search. http://books.google.com.sg/ (accessed December 28, 2008). Young, S.T. and Nie, W. 1996. Managing Global Operations: Cultural and Technical Success Factors. Greenwood Publishing Group. http://books.google.com.sg/ (accessed January 2, 2009). Zeng, M. and Williamson, P.J. 2007. Dragons at your door: How Chinese cost innovation is disrupting global competition. Massachusetts: Harvard Business School Publishing. Zhang Ruimin. 2006. China Daily. http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/ (accessed December 15, 2008).

Lesson Plan Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Lesson Plan - Assignment Example Proper addressing of these objectives enable learners be in a position to write short stories that are not only complete but also creative. Secondly, teaching students on proper editing skills will result to the learners applying them effectively on their writing. Finally, learners will be in a position to write brief contents that are of high quality, this is due to their comprehension of the difference between quality writings and quantity. Since writing an outstanding mini saga requires a lot of creativity, I will ensure that I psychologically prepare the students for the lesson. First, I will introduce the topic by writing the word â€Å"Saga† on the board before asking students if they have any prior knowledge of the term. After informing them that a Saga is a long story normally comprising of heroic events or something dramatic, I will proceed to state that the day’s lesson will not be on â€Å"saga† but â€Å"mini saga†, an implication that it will be brief. Once the class is aware of the day’s lesson, I will start by first defining the term Mini saga as a brief form of writing, normally has exactly fifty words excluding the title. The fifty word mini saga comprises of three sections, which are beginning, middle and end. I will then state a brief history of the mini saga by stating that Brian Aldiss is the man behind this form of writing. The main reason why Aldiss came up with the mini saga form of writing is that according to him, telling a story in a few words not only was it fun but also a challenging experience (â€Å"British Council†). After ensuring the class has full knowledge on the term mini saga, I will begin the lesson teaching them on how to come up with an appropriate and magnificent mini saga. Learners will participate in a classroom discussion where they will display their writing and editing skills.

Team meeting and thair role Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Team meeting and thair role - Essay Example The process architecture, as described by Sammie, is where the direct invoice process precisely positioned. The direct invoicing process falls within its value chain. The modelling conventions was adopted and a justification for the choice given. Second, the business process modelling described in a structured manner, together with any of the assumptions related to the process modelled. The process models were presented in a direct invoicing process. It comprised of the value chain of the SSP where the direct invoicing process belongs. By Allen/Vision, the choreography diagram for the direct invoicing process layered a collaboration diagram for the direct invoicing process. The processes were as per the refinement of the choreography and they pertained; central process model by Nicole and the detailed sub-process models by Ibrahim. The processes and the sub-processes presented were sufficiently

Radiation Experiments Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4750 words

Radiation Experiments - Essay Example UV rays are also beneficial to humans; these include the UV watermark that helps in authentication of credit cards. Forensic investigation when a crime occurs, in fluorescent lamps where it ionizes the phosphorescent coating inside the tubes which gives off white light. In astronomy where it is used to make observation from space. UV rays are also used to follow a blood trail for a wounded animal. Other uses include sanitary compliance, spectrophotometer, purification of the air, photochemotherapy, chemical markers, phototherapy, photolithography, sterilization among other uses. (NASA) Investigation of the amount of UV rays that human being are exposed to is important. This information can help in quantifying the effects caused by these rays. UV also affects materials and paint. These Experiments helps determine the effects of these rays on materials with the objective of reducing them or shielding materials and human beings from them (Callister, 757). From the graphical representation above, the incandescent lamp produces both the UVA and UVB rays. The incandescent lamp produces more of the UVA rays than UVB rays. It is also evident that after switching ON the lamp, the production of UVA is high and slowly fades with time. For the UVB rays, the intensity is relatively constant for the 2 minute period. From the scientific knowledge about the UVA and UVB, UVA is stronger and has a

Smoking in public Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Smoking in public - Essay Example Pope Urban vii banned tobacco consumption in porch ways and church, where he did not allow any form of consumption of the said drug. This was through chewing, sniffing, and most importantly smoking, which is the main concern here (Trex). To end public smoking, the penalty was excommunication from the church, and this is the first and earliest documented instance of concern over public smoking. King James, who looked to establish a smoke-free England due to what he labeled as an uncouth practice, raised further concerns in England. King James labeled smoking as a custom of slavish Indians that was loathsome to the eye, hateful to the nose and dangerous to the lungs, as well as harmful to the brain (Trex). The king further went on to raise taxes and tariffs on tobacco to achieve his dream of a tobacco-free England. In most recent times, concerns have been raised over smoking in public, which has led to the ban of tobacco use, in public, in many cities across the globe. There are two op posing sides on the ban of smoking in public, where there are those who agree with the ban and those that are against it. Those that do not agree with banning of smoking in public places have a number of beliefs that are backed by solid evidence. To those who are opposed to the ban, denying smokers the right to smoke in public is a form of discrimination against a minority. This is considering that those that smoke are a minority of the global population, whereas non-smokers make the bulk of the population. By not allowing public smoking, smokers are deprived equal rights to engage in their pleasurable activities at will and freely. They also view as a form of discrimination considering that it is a very small number of people that make decisions on the ban on public smoking. In addition, they are of the opinion that there are worse conditions out there in the world than smoking. As a result, they view it as a waste of time banning smoking rather than handling other conditions, that research describes as dangerous and as an epidemic, such as obesity and alcohol abuse. Banning smoking in public is viewed as a decline in democracy and tolerance in the society, where the two are supposed to work hand in hand for the good of the society (Mallon). As such, the rights of the minority smokers are infringed due to propaganda that smoking is bad for one’s health while it is one’s choice to either smoke or not smoke. Those opposed against smoking in public argue that banning smoking in public bears numerous health benefits. Arguments are that it reduces risks of heart attacks in younger individuals and those that do not engage in smoking activities. This is because coming into contact with smoke raises the chances of heart attacks by 26% as researchers say. For non-smokers, banning smoking in public is said to improve their health as exposure to secondary smoke tends to make the blood sticky; thus, increasing the chances of suffering a heart attack ( "Banning Smoking In Public Places†). In addition, for those that would like to quit smoking, the ban is welcome. This is because the ban prevents the temptation to smoke, which results in their ceasing of the smoking habit. The consequences of smoking in public, especially following the ban are high; thus act as a deterrent against smoking, which makes it easy for smokers to

Why is it important to pay attention in class Essay

Why is it important to pay attention in class - Essay Example Hence, instructors have a basic part in keeping learners on learning track (Driscoll 23). Regard less of the particular models of listening conduct that exist, most concur that listening or attention includes sensing, going to, deciphering, recollecting, and respond ­ing to boosts (the sights and sounds we listen to). Paying attention in classroom incorporates many things. Sensing alludes to our five faculties and the sum of the data audience members can pick up from them. The faculties of listening to and sight are most applicable to the present dialog of tuning in. When learners completely listen to anything, they first sense it by listening to it, seeing it, or both. In the classroom, there are various things learners can sense: the lawnmower outside, the two understudies talking and snickering in the back, the magnetic understudy in the following seat over, the person with the uproarious hack, and possibly the instructor. Add to the greater part of this tactile data any mental preoccupations: an alternate class in which a person may be battling, issues with money r elated help, nervousness about an approaching discourse, whats continuing throughout the weekend, issues with a beau or sweetheart, issues at work, issues with a flat mate or with family at home (Driscoll 41). Given this plenitude of accessible tangible jolts, it is clear that educators are not ensured their scholars consideration. Learners may have the capacity to sense every ­ thing, however they cant keep their concentrate on everything and thusly they must be particular in their consideration. Something must be yielded, and unless instructors are receptive to their understudies listening conduct it may be the instructors message that is disregarded. Educators ought to be mindful that consideration regarding classroom messages requires exertion and that consideration compasses are short when contrasted with the regular length of a lecture. Paying attention in classroom helps students to

Definition of Audio Literacy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Definition of Audio Literacy - Essay Example Audio materials are developed learning skills in which websites are regularly updated with new content and has a variety of listening skills. Listening and hearing are the two essential components of audio literacy. The two are different terms but have close association. Primarily, hearing is a physiological process while listening is more of psychological and they remain the cornerstone of audio literacy. In the process of passing information from one person to another, the sender encodes and expresses the idea he intends the receiver to capture. The receiver will then interpret the message depending on the understanding of the message, which is determined by the attention span. The authenticity and usefulness of the audio literacy is determined by the ability of the students to use the audio materials effectively and efficiently. Too low or too high sounds may not be useful to the health of the students. It may not assist them in the learning process. Essentially, audio literacy remains critical in the educational pedagogy, and it intertwines with the visual literacy (Smaldino, Lowther & Rusell,

Popular Music Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Popular Music - Dissertation Example The following research questions will be used to frame the study and develop research on the topic of popular music as an appropriate medium for re-engaging youths from the inner city London boroughs. 1. How would the popular music industry benefit young people from the inner city London boroughs? 2. What risks would be involved in trying to re-engage young people from the inner city London boroughs? 3. What would be the projected success rate of working towards discovering young people in the inner city London boroughs who had talent that could compete in the professional world of popular music? 4. Is popular music an appropriate way to re-engage unfortunate young people from the inner city London boroughs? Through these preliminary research questions this study intends to discover means and methods of re-engaging inner city youths through organisations that can provide services that support entry into the popular music business. In addition, the appropriateness of this medium as a way to re-engage young people will be examined and defined so that risk can be minimized and appropriate support provided through the methods discovered in this research. The Ocean Music Venue is located at 270 Mare Street in London. This venue provides an appropriate local space in which music can be played by musicians that are growing their music (Cylex 2013). Bigga Fish (2013) provides for opportunities for up and coming artists age 14-21 so that they can have experiences such as playing next to experienced artists.

Professional Regulation and Criminal Liability Paper Essay

Professional Regulation and Criminal Liability Paper - Essay Example The person applying for fresh license should not be less than 21 years of age, should be of resolute and good character, and should possess sound physical and mental prowess. If the applicant is a body corporate, and not an individual, the above rules shall apply to the members of its governing body. The minimum standards in this regard are laid out by SBH (State Board of Health). The application shall be made in the prescribed form and shall be authenticated and should include such particulars such as type of institution, address, manager of the institution and such other information as is deemed necessary by the Commissioner. In the case of Association, body corporate etc; it has to be signed by at least 2 members of the management association for validation. The Application for the fresh license should be accompanied by Licensure Fees @ $10 per bed as per maximum bed capacity, which would include cribs and accessories. The fees paid cannot be refunded except in the case of the lic ense requisition having been refused, and normally, a issued license has validity for one year. The rates for such licenses would be based on its duration, and would be charged on the basis of whole unit US dollars. There are certain conditions governing the issue of licenses, and those are as follows: According to the prevailing laws available in Oklahoma, certain medical occupations do not need licenses. Services like body massagers, natural treatments etc fall in this category. But in such cases, the consumer has to give an undertaking that he has been fully informed about the nature of the relevant facts concerning the practitioner. These are: the address of the clinic, the type of treatment carried out, the professional qualifications of the practitioner, the fact that he does not profess to be holding certificate of medical practice, etc. It is the practitioner’s duty to inform the consumer regarding any changes in it. If there is any violation under this clause, it can

Should Companies That Fire Shoot First Essay Example for Free

Should Companies That Fire Shoot First Essay Abstract Blogging and tweeting on social media websites have pros and cons for an organization. Companies utilize blogs in order to promote their products and services along with relaying information about the company to the general public. Employers often encourage their employees to participate in various forms of social media. However, management should be aware of the risks and impact to the company’s reputation should the employee publish something that puts the company is a negative light. Keywords: blogging, social media, reputation Tesla CEO Elon Musk was right when he blogged about impending layoffs just before announcing them to company employees Blogging and tweeting can have both positive and negative impacts on the image and reputation of a company. The use of social media sites, such as Facebook and Twitter, allow employers to encourage their employees to participate in blogs in an effort to promote their brand. Some companies even use these websites as a tool to publicize the operations of the organization. By establishing and maintaining their own company website and blog, businesses are able to control the messages, both positive and negative, that are posted. (Dealbook, 2008) In an effort to intercept negative posts from the media and disgruntled employees, Tesla Motors CEO Elon Musk announced on the company’s website blog that in order to maintain positive cash flow, the organization will layoff a significant amount of its workforce. The focus of the company will be developing and improving its product line while ensuring sufficient capital. Elon Musk stated that â€Å"we had to say something to prevent articles being written that were not accurate.† (All, 2008) Cake Financial, an investing advice company, published on their company blog immediately after reducing its workforce  that it was an â€Å"extremely sad day for all of us who have to say goodbye to a group of great people.† (Dealbook, 2008) The company’s CEO, Stephen Carpenter, had drafted the blog and waited until after personally speaking with the employees before publishing the post. Carpenter wanted to make sure that there were no discrepancies as to what and why the layoffs happened. In a statement to the New York Times, Carpenter stated that â€Å"our whole company is built on the idea of transparency in investing, so that was a reason why it was important for us to do it.† (Motivateandinspire, 2009) Employees responsibility when blogging about their company Employees have a responsibility to be careful about what they publish on social media websites about their company. Privacy laws and regulations related to internet use vary by state. Depending on the nature of the content, the employee could be possibly incriminating him/herself by disclosing private information. From an employer standpoint, employee blogging could negatively impact the reputation of the business if the appropriate policies and procedures are not in place. The employer may also be at risk if the employee publishes information relating to trade secrets, financial issues, or other business related matters. (Welch Shiff) Employees should be careful if they publish negative comments about their employer, its customers, and its vendors. Employers typically have zero tolerance with this type of behavior as it can be considered a form of harassment in which the company may subject to legal ramifications (Victor, 2013) The employee risks losing their job and tainting their reputation within the workplace, which may lead to difficulty in obtaining and retaining future employment. The entertainment industry has taken advantage of the posts made on social media blogs. For example, radio stations in the Boston area make prank phone calls on the air referencing previously posted, negative comments regarding clients. The radio personality will reference the content of the blog in an effort to scare or provoke the person being pranked. While these skits may seem comical to the station listener, the effects of the actual prank call may cause harm to a company or an individual. Employees who blog about their companies do not have an ethical  responsibility to disclose their identities Employees posting comments about their employer online do not need to display their name. When employees publish positive comments about their company and its culture, others may ignore the remarks as they may consider the opinions biased. If the employee publishes their name in association with the company, the prospective customer may feel overwhelmed and smothered by knowing the same person is using social media, in addition to traditional methods of advertising, to sell their product or service. On the contrary, when employees publish negative comments about their employer, it make spark a wave of unwanted publicity for the company. Developing a policy for handling communication of sensitive issues, inside and outside, the company Deleting or retracting online posts that have been published can be impossible. Therefore, companies should develop an internet policy for handling communication of sensitive issues both inside and outside the organization. While the company may want employees to express themselves, guidelines should be established. Some of the areas that need to be addressed in a formal, written policy include: (Guerin) a. Personal use and abuse of company property and resources b. Appropriate use of organizations name c. Applicability of existing company policies i. Harassment – inappropriate comments ii. Privacy – disclosing confidential information/trade secrets/financial information/falsifying data/using company logos/using company name to promote products Employers may want to consult with an attorney or human resource specialist in order to ensure that they develop an internet policy that will help to prevent any negative public relations regarding the company and its products and services. Conclusion Since social media is becoming an essential part of the business world, companies should invest in learning about the rewards and consequences of using this source. By obtaining an understanding of the advantages and disadvantages, the company will be more equipped in handling negative (as  well as positive) public relations and have a plan for damage control for repairing their tarnished reputation. References Blogging the Layoff. (n.d.). Retrieved May 18, 2014, from http://www.itbusinessedge.com/cm/blogs/all/blogging-the-layoff/?cs=11727 Employee Posts on Facebook, MySpace, Twitter, and Blogs | Nolo.com. (n.d.). Retrieved May 18, 2014, from http://www.nolo.com/legal-encyclopedia/employee-posts-facebook-myspace-twitter-32954.html The Layoffs Will Be Blogged. (n.d.). Retrieved May 18, 2014, from http://dealbook.nytimes.com/2008/11/05/in-era-of-blog-sniping-companies-shoot-first/?_php=true_type=blogs_r=0 Newest blog topic from CEOs: Layoffs | Article | Link Grabber | Leadership training, management skills, employee motivation: ManageBetter.biz. (n.d.). Retrieved May 18, 2014, from http://www.motivateandinspire.com/ME2/Audiences/dirmod.asp?sid=04BF7B8C765E455DA06A7B6781ED0847nm=Link Grabbertype=Publishingmod=Publications::Articlemid=8F3A7027421841978F18BE895F87F791tier=4id=7C0FA76B4F4A4E53B4D97C3A4B2487ECAudID=AA83ED248A3241A5AE080E2B6DED1F5F Off-the-clock Harassment Can be Costly: What Emplo yers Need to Know. (n.d.). Retrieved May 18, 2014, from http://www.gshllp.com/60-second-memos/off-the-clock-harassment-can-be-costly-what-employers-need-to-know Tesla Motors replaces CEO, plans layoff CNET. (n.d.). Retrieved May 16, 2014, from http://www.cnet.com/news/tesla-motors-replaces-ceo-plans-layoff/ The rules of company blogging: Avoiding employee misuse and abuse. (n.d.). Retrieved May 18, 2014, from http://www.thehrspecialist.com/11584/The_rules_of_company_blogging_Avoiding_employee_misuse_and_abuse.hr?cat=sub_cat=

Information Pack Essay Example for Free

Information Pack Essay With an international reputation for innovation, high quality education and research, and global relationships, it is not surprising that Oxford Brookes University has been voted the best modern university in the Sunday Times Good University Guide for seven years in succession. The Business School is one of the leading schools for teaching and learning in the UK, being a national Subject Centre in Business, Management, Accountancy and Finance, and Oxford Brookes University is one of only sixteen institutions across the UK to have received two multi-million pound awards to establish more than one Centre for Excellence in Teaching and Learning. Oxford Brookes University – like other UK universities – has degree awarding power, granted by Royal Charter. But what does this mean? Well, these powers are granted on the basis of Oxford Brookes University having appropriate procedures for assuring the quality and standards of its awards in both design and operation, and being subject to the scrutiny of the QAA, the body responsible to the UK Governments Department for Innovation, Universities and Skills for assuring the quality of UK Higher Education in the public interest. So although you don’t physically attend Oxford Brookes University to gain the BSc (Hons) degree in Applied Accounting, the degree programme is of the same rigorous standard as other degrees offered by Oxford Brookes University and meets standards set by QAA. In an independent assessment of teaching quality, the Business School was one of only two in the country to achieve the maximum score (24/24) across more than one subject area. The Schools reputation has also been recognised through the award of a national, multi-million-pound Centre of Excellence in Teaching and Learning, which has developed a new learning centre on campus with the latest technology to support learning in a cafe-style environment. In a recent QAA audit of Oxford Brookes University it concluded that it has broad confidence (the highest category available) in the quality and standards of its awards. So by gaining the BSc (Hons) in Applied Accounting, awarded by Oxford Brookes University, you will not only demonstrate to potential or existing employers that you possess all the relevant graduate skills to equip you for a brilliant career in accounting and finance, but that it is from a university that has a reputation for excellence. 4 2. Eligibility To be awarded the BSc (Hons) in Applied Accounting you must:  · Be eligible for the degree. This means you must be registered with Oxford Brookes University i. . opted-in to the BSc degree scheme before passing any of the three ACCA Fundamentals papers, F7, F8 and F9  · pass the three ACCA Fundamentals papers F7, F8 and F9 and pass other papers as required to successfully complete all nine Fundamentals level papers  · complete the ACCA Professional Ethics module before submitting a Research and Analysis Project to Oxford Brookes University.  · complete and pass the Oxford Brookes University Research and Analysis Project The degree must be completed within 10 years of your start date onto the ACCA’s professional qualification otherwise your eligibility will be withdrawn If you are unsure on your eligibility for the BSc (Hons) in Applied Accounting degree, then you should firstly refer to myACCA which will tell you whether or not you have opted in to the degree scheme and whether or not you are eligible. If you are not eligible for the degree programme, then it will be for one of the following reasons: You enrolled with ACCA before the BSc (Hons) in Applied Accounting degree was introduced When the degree programme was introduced in 2000/2001, all eligible registered students were required to opt into the degree scheme by November 2001. Any student who did not do so, would have been automatically withdrawn.  · If you registered with ACCA prior to 2001, have yet to complete Papers F7-F9 and are within 10 years of your start date, please contact ACCA Connect to opt into the degree programme. You ticked the box on your ACCA registration form stating you did not wish to join the Oxford Brookes University degree programme If you are yet to complete Papers F7, F8 and F9, you may opt back in to the BSc degree by contacting ACCA Connect.  · If you have already passed ANY of Papers F7, F8 or F9, then unfortunately it is now too late to opt back into the degree programme.  · If you hold exemptions for any of Papers F7-F9, then you may contact ACCA Connect to forfeit these in order to remain eligible. This must be done before sitting any of the other core Papers of F7-F9 once you have forfeited your exemption you cannot reverse this decision. 5 You do not hold a suitable English language qualification  · Providing you complete Paper F4, then this will be acceptable. Oxford Brookes University deems Paper F4 as proof of English proficiency therefore you should complete this exam and opt in with ACCA before passing Papers F7-F9. You enrolled with ACCA over 10 years ago  · The BSc (Hons) in Applied Accounting degree has a 10 year deadline starting from a student’s start date with ACCA. If this has expired in your case, we regret that you are no longer eligible to complete the degree with us. 6 3 Conversion arrangements ACCA exam conversion arrangements Oxford Brookes University will recognise any passes or exemptions from Part 1 and Part 2 exams in the ACCA Professional scheme that are converted to the Fundamentals level of the ACCA Qualification, as contributions towards the award of the BSc degree. ACCA Professional Scheme exam passes before June 2000 You will be subject to both the requirements of the transitional arrangements, published when the degree was introduced, and the requirements of these conversion arrangements. 7 4. Aims and outcomes The principal aim of the BSc degree programme is to widen access to Oxford Brookes University (OBU) and enable ACCA students across the world the opportunity to obtain an OBU degree. The BSc degree aims to enhance and extend the knowledge and skills gained by you in your professional studies, and to improve your effectiveness as a professional accountancy student and future finance professional. 4 . a) Programme regulations Admission The minimum academic entry requirements for registering on the BSc degree are two A Levels plus three GCSEs (grade C or above) in five separate subjects including Maths and English. Oxford Brookes University recognises a number of other qualifications which satisfy the minimum English language requirement, including a Pass in ACCA Paper F4, Corporate and Business Law. Further details can be obtained from the ACCA office at Oxford Brookes University. If you registered with ACCA under the mature student entry route (MSER) and do not have an acceptable English Language qualification, you will be permitted to register for the BSc degree only after you have passed Paper F4, Corporate and Business Law. If you are a CAT student, and have passed the CAT Advanced level exam papers, you meet all the entry requirements for the BSc degree. Exemptions As a registered student, you may be given exemptions from one or more of the nine ACCA specified exam papers. Exemption decisions are made by ACCA and ACCA exemption policy is periodically reviewed by Oxford Brookes University. However, if you wish to achieve the BSc degree you must sit and pass all of the three ACCA subjects F7, F8 and F9. No exemption can be given from the Professional Ethics Module or from the Oxford Brookes University Research and Analysis Project (RAP). Progression When you register with ACCA to undertake the ACCA Qualification, you are automatically registered with Oxford Brookes University for the BSc (Hons) in Applied Accounting, unless you opted-out of the BSc degree programme at the time of initially registering with ACCA. If you have opted-put, you may re-register for the BSc degree scheme provided you have not passed any of the three subjects – F7, F8 and F9. If you have passed any one of these three subjects you cannot then register on to the BSc degree. Conversion arrangements have been developed for completion of the BSc degree if you have passed one or more ACCA professional scheme exams by, or at, the June 2 0 07 ACCA exam sitting. 8 Oxford Brookes University Research and Analysis Project You must pass or be exempt from the ACCA Fundamentals exams, including sitting and passing all of F7, F8 and F9, and complete the Professional Ethics module before submitting a RAP to Oxford Brookes University. You will need to find a project mentor to assist you with your RAP, by providing guidance and advice on your RAP and also to verify that you made an oral presentation at the end of your project research. Your project mentor should be a member of staff at an ACCA tuition provider, your line manager or an ACCA qualified member. Please note that this is different role to the role of the workplace mentor you need when completing your practical experience requirements, although you may find that your line manager is the most appropriate person to fulfil both these roles. Oxford Brookes University has two submission periods each year during which you may submit an OBU RAP. An OBU RAP that is submitted after the end of a submission period will be returned unmarked to you, but it may be resubmitted in the following submission period. You are required to pay a project submission fee to Oxford Brookes University with any project submission. See the section on Submission Periods for the current submission fee. 4 . b) Programme learning outcomes On completing the degree programme, you will have demonstrated a capability to: Knowledge and understanding K1 Critically evaluate accounting concepts and principles and their application in solutions to practical accounting problems. K2 Prepare financial statements of entities, including groups of companies, using relevant financial information, accounting techniques and standards; and to analyse and interpret such financial statements. K3 Use relevant management accounting techniques with cost information, for planning, decision-making, performance evaluation and control, within different business settings. K4 Apply financial management techniques to issues affecting investment, financing, and dividend policy decisions of an organisation. K5 Understand the general legal framework, and apply specific legal principles relating to business, including taxation legislation as applicable to individuals, single companies and groups of companies. K6 Explain the process of carrying out the assurance (audit) engagement and its application in the context of the professional (audit) regulatory framework. K7 Describe the organisational context of the accountant and of the development of accounting information systems; to understand the need for the efficient use of resources within an organisation. K8 Understand the ethical responsibilities of professional accountants, including the principles of the ACCA code of conduct, and to reflect on ethical dilemmas and potential solutions. 9 Disciplinary and professional skills D1 Prepare non-complex financial statements using generally accepted accounting principles. D2 Evaluate and comment on the performance and financial situation of organisations using a range of interpretative techniques. D3 Select and apply appropriate accounting and financial management techniques to organisational business planning, decision-making and control. D4 Understand the limitations of accounting techniques and the implications of such limitations. D5 Understand the limitations of acquired knowledge of legal and taxation issues and recognise the need to seek further specialist advice where necessary. D6 Communicate analysis of accounting and financial information and recommendations to a variety of different audiences. Transferable Skills T1 Solve problems through the identification of key issues, synthesis of information and analytical tools, and the presentation and critical evaluation of a range of options. T2 Communicate appropriately in writing and through an oral presentation.

Reflection on Communication in Intensive Care Setting

Reflection on Communication in Intensive Care Setting LPD 3 SUMMATIVE ESSAY My identified learning need is enhancing my ability to communicate articulately and assertively with the multidisciplinary team (MDT) members, as I portrayed lack of assertiveness and competences in communicating with other healthcare professionals on my previous clinical practice experience. Hence, it is essential to improve this identified aspect of my practice as it compromises patient safety and limits my professionalism. Thus, I will critically reflect upon the identified learning need and how it impacts on my patient’s care, my personal and professional development as a nurse. Furthermore, I will critically reflect and analyse on how the learning need identified was met in my final year placement. In order to structure my reflection, I have decided to use Gibb’s (1988) reflective model which consists of description, feelings, evaluation, analysis, conclusion and action plan (Gibb’s 1988). I will apply relevant parts of this model when required. Also, in accordance to the Nursing and Midwifery Council (2008) Code of professional conduct, confidentiality shall be maintained in the essay and all names and trust identifiers will be anonymous to protect identity. Additionally, In reference to the Post- registration education and practice (PREP) guidelines (2011), I have spent 52 hours using different databases to research for relevant articles and government policies to enable me to write the essay. The conclusion of the essay will discuss my reflection skills and acknowledgement of my level of assertiveness and competence, showing my personal and professional development. As a student nurse, I go to clinical areas to gain experience and acquire key nursing skills that will enhance my nursing practice. For the final stage of my second year placement in the year 2013, I was allocated to an intensive care setting where treatment and monitoring was given to critically ill patients. I mainly assisted and worked with my clinical practice mentor. I had been caring for an intubated patient during my shift under strict supervision from my mentor. Although I had been caring for the patient for the duration of my shift, I was unprepared to pass on the necessary patient details to the relevant healthcare professionals. The incident occurred when my mentor insisted I followed her to the MDT meeting where a group of professionals collaborated together to make decisions regarding that specific patient’s treatments and improvements (Richards Edwards, 2012). I thought I was just accompanying her to observe the inter-professional collaboration that was taking p lace. Unfortunately, my mentor asked me to handover the patient I had been caring for to the MDT. As a result, I instantly became nervous and shaky, to the point that I struggled to articulate my first sentence coherently and I was unable to communicate assertively with the MDT members. Although I correctly delivered the basic patient’s information, I instantly panicked and gave confusing information regarding the patient’s reasons for admission and care plan. Unfortunately, it was clear to both my mentor and the other members of staff that I was flustered and needed assistance. My mentor then took over and continued with the patient’s information. As a result, I felt I was intimidated by the hierarchy, I felt nervous, embarrassed and upset by my own inability to communicate effectively with the MDT. I thought that I could not be a professional nurse if I let my nerves get in the way of my nursing care. Also, I felt frustrated when my mentor put me on the spot and I could not communicate effectively. Afterwards I also felt that she had not given me adequate t ime to settle my nerves and compose myself before the MDT meeting. On searching the literature, I realised that feeling nervous is a natural reaction for student nurses when interacting with other clinicians and even experienced nurses were once nervous students (Cardillo, 2010). This made me feel less embarrassed and gave me the impression that everybody has experienced these feelings at one stage or another. However, other literature does not support this belief. In fact, several recent studies show that the experience of nervousness could be due to the student being frightened and not committed in carrying out tasks (Youngberg, 2014). In my case, I did not feel it was through lack of commitment. Confidence comes with experience; however, being prepared and organised is the key to my gradually becoming more confident. Hence, to avoid this repeating itself, I will start preparing myself mentally assuming I have to handover patients’ care to other clinicians. As I reflected on the incident, I realised I lack assertiveness in communicating with the MDT and I did not have enough confident to set an appropriate inter-professional working as it is the key to patients improvements (Royal College of Nursing (RCN), 2010). Also, reflecting back, I realised that I was really worried about the communication difficulties I encountered in the MDT meeting. Many researchers advocate the importance of maintaining an effective communication among the MDT as it is a fundamental nursing skill which plays a major role in the development for student nurses (Moss, 2008). I realised that I needed to improve on this learning need as my inability to communicate assertively and effectively with the MDT impacted on my nursing care to the patient because not going in-depth and not providing the accurate patient information limited my nursing care to the patient. The concept of poor communication among the MDT is highlighted in a phenomenological study by Leonard, Graham and Bonacum (2011), where the authors explored communication failures as the leading causes of inadvertent patients harm. The article was of particular interest to me as it emphasised on sustaining improvement for student nurses in communicating among the MDT because it compromises patient’s safety, and the need for improvement. It is also relevant as it sufficiently discusses the issues surrounding my identified learning need and the need for improvement. In the article, the authors proposed that effective communication among the MDT is essential for delivering high quality care and safe of care to patients. Also, the points the authors raised is a very significant issue to consider, because the in 2014, RCN verified that communication issue have been identified as contributing to a large number of patient safety incidents in the United Kingdom. Thus, they require all nurses and trained student nurses to effectively hand the care of patients over to another clinicians, with an accurate communication and co-ordination to improve patients’ quality of care. Although Sharif and Masoumi (2010) qualitative research states most second year nursing students often experience anxiety and nervousness when interacting with other clinicians compared to final year students, which there is a bit of agreement on, I strongly believe my experience reflects more on Leonard, Graham and Bonacum’s (2011) findings as I was unable to communicate assertively with the MDT during the meeting, which limited by nursing development. It impacted on my clinical ability when I failed to provide the accurate patient information to the MDT. This resulted in creating confusion to the other healthcare professionals as what I stated about the patient did not match with the information the MDT had on their patient handover sheet. Resulting in one of the healthcare professionals asking if am providing them with the accurate patient details which led to a break down in the inter-professional collaboration (Vincent, 2011). This did not just impacted on my nursing care to the patient but also impacted on my personal and professional development. As stated by the Dougherty and Lister (2011), a good nurse is the one who knows what he or she is doing as there is an expectation that nurses and trained nurses must show assertiveness and competencies in carrying out duties. There is a reflection to this approach to my personal and professional development recognising that being assertive and competence does not just mean how you carryout tasks, but understanding the rationale behind it and the impacts it may have on patients (Masters, 2014). This demonstrates how relevant and essential it is to communicate assertively with the MDT as reflecting back on my learning need, not being able to collaborate inter-professionally with the MDT limited my professional development and hindered my patient not receiving a high standard care from me. Although Leonard, Graham and Bonacum’s (2011) findings adequately outline and provide insights into the importance of being assertive among the MDT, the results of their study do not show the significant increase in the enhancement of patients’ care due to the small amount of sample size the authors used. The data was collected from a medium size hospital where performance of the reporting system might be different from other hospitals. This was seen as a weakness, but I felt the article was helpful as it is relevant to my learning need and reminds me of how poor communication impacts negatively on patients safety (Burnard Gill, 2013). Also, in a qualitative study by Krautscheid (2012) the author explored the need for improving communication among other clinicians for student nurses, preparing them for practice. In the article, the author identified that most student nurses have a great deal in communicating effectively to other healthcare professionals, which should not be so as it compromises patients care. There is an agreement on this research even though a study by Burton (2013) identified that not all student nurses’ presents lack of assertiveness in their training but I feel my clinical experience reflects more on Krautscheid (2012) findings as my inability to communicate assertively with the MDT limited my nursing development because it impacted on my clinical ability when I failed to show a competence workforce to the other clinicians in the MDT meeting, which also limited my nursing care to the patient as I did not deliver a high standard of care to the patients’ development. For instance, i f high-quality care is been delivered to patients by the ones looking after them, it increases the opportunity for patients to benefit from therapeutic nursing (Freshwater, 2007) as evidence demonstrates that this does contributes to the highest degree of patient care (Scott, 2008). Therefore, by not communicating assertively with the MDT limited my personal and professional development as the issues surrounding it was not being confidence, prepared , proactive and not portraying an accurate level of competencies hindered my patient not receiving an excellent standard of care from me. As a result, not providing the accurate information about the patient to the MDT compromised the patient’s care. Youngberg (2014) affirms that effective clinical practice involves instances where critical information must be communicated accurately with a team and as a nurse, exploring ineffective communication in a teamwork does not only puts patients safety at risk but also demonstrates not being competence. As such, this highlights the needs to be more assertive and competence in communicating with the MDT as student nurses also plays a vital role in the multidisciplinary team approach to patient care (Miller, 2009), and effective involvement enhances patient outcome (Hughes Quinn, 2007). Although Krautscheid (2008) research shows lack of detailed information on how to effectively deal with miscommunication, its qualitative design allows insight into the need of improving communication among healthcare providers. I found the results of the thematic analysis linked to my ow n clinical experience including the feeling of being nervous. The author provided a relevant and a valid article as a large sample size of 285 student nurses was used and had significant results which were inherently repeatable. The article was helpful in reminding me how important effective communication implements the aspects of patient safety. Hence, it is significant to enhance on my identified learning need. On reflection it was clear that my lack of assertiveness in my ability, when put on a spot by my mentor contributed to my feelings of inadequacy. Through reflection and what my mentor did enabled me to clarify that my weakness was not skill or knowledge level. But my inability to communicate articulately and assertively with the MDT during the meeting was due to being intimidated by the hierarchy. This led to a lack of assertiveness, and confidence in my skill level and clinical knowledge, which also enabled me to know the need to change my practice. Furthermore, after the incident, I received feedbacks from my mentor who stated I should be more proactive in the future, show a competence workforce and develop a tool that will enable me hand in the care of a patient accurately in the future. As explained by West (2012), teamwork is vital if care is carried out efficiently in clinical areas as effective communication creates a positive contribution to patients’ outcome. Thus, I decided to action plan on this reflective experience to develop my nursing knowledge in my final year clinical placement. I looked at various nursing journals and government policies detailing how to communicate effectively with the MDT and use the advice I gained to plan out how to do so. As shown in Watts (2011) phenomenology study, student nurse can further develop their skills in understanding and applying latest research evidence by looking into journals, clinical guidelines and policies to enable them develop their skills. NMC (2010) further supported this statement stating that, trained nurses and nurses need to keep updating their basic knowledge and skills, and be fully equipped and work effectively to deliver essential care to patients. Therefore, to develop my confidence and communicate assertively, I adapted the Situation, Background, Assessment and Recommendation (SBAR) tool which was published by the Institute of Healthcare Improvement in the year 2004. I chose this tool because it has proven to be an effective communication tool (RCN, 2014). It was also seen to be an easy to remember method that enabled me to frame conversations and to clarify what information should be communicated between members of the team and how. This was a relevant tool to adapt as it assisted me develop teamwork and have confidence to deliver safe quality care. Also, there is a good evidence to suggest that communication improves when nurses used structured format such as SBAR (RCN, 2014). In 2010, the National Patient Safety Agency suggested that effective communication among MDT is a key factor in enhancing clinical practice and patient outcome. Therefore, the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) (2010) supported t hese findings and recommended that nursing and medical staff should use the SBAR tool in structuring patients’ clinical information to other clinicians, supported by written plan as this will prevent healthcare providers from giving unclear patients’ documentation and miscommunication of patients’ details. As a result, they released these guidelines for nurses and medical staff to adhere to in order to enhance patients safety as communication failures causes inadvertent patient harm. This is a reliable guideline as it is a national policy and discusses the need to adapt the SBAR tool. Upon using the SBAR tool, I became proactive and requested the assistance of my first final year clinical mentor to assess my communication skills and knowledge base as it is something I won’t to improve on. By doing this, I was able to reinforce my communication skills and most importantly developed my self confidence as I ensured that I was always prepared, organised and able to successfully communicate assertively with other clinicians during my third year clinical placement while completing the necessary skills unassisted to become more independent as a final year student nurse. Webb (2011) comments that one of the basics of good nursing is effective communication between clinical staffs as failure to communicate efficiently with the MDT destroys the delicate nurses’ inter-professional relationship. As a result, through reflection, practice and the use of my mentor and awareness of factors that affects my assertiveness in communicating with the MDT, and the adaptati on of the SBAR tool, I was able to confidently and assertively communicate with other clinicians. As seen in O’Daniel and Rosenstein (2011) study, to enhance the ability of nursing students, they must have a strong focus to develop skills that will enhance their own professional identity. This is significant as this approach ensures that student nurses become aware of their own competencies, and resulting confidence in their value as a team member. Reflecting on my identified learning need and adapting the SBAR tool have made me attempt to protect my patients from harm and have improved me as a nurse. In addition, I feel I have become more assertive in communicating with other clinicians as assertiveness is an important behaviour for a nurse, which is necessary for effective inter-professional communication (Cardillo, 2010). This implies to the Chief Nursing Officer’s (2012) 6 C’s which states communication is central to successful relationships and effective team working. Thus, improving on my ability to communicate assertively with the MDT is essential and have made me a committed nurse who desires the very best for all her patients, and provide them the very best of care and not to put them at risk. This is in accordance to the NMC Code of Professional Conduct (2014) which states nurses are accountable for their practice. Thus, they must maintain professional knowledge and competence and act to identify and minimise risk to patients. I believe upon reflecting on my identified learning need and improving on it, I am now a better nurse as I have learnt how to do things differently, and deliver the most up to date evidence based care to enhance my patients care and my nursing development. Reflecting back on my final year clinical experience, I have now identified a new learning need which needs development. In reference to the PREP (2011) guidelines and the NMC Code (2008), nurses need to be responsible and accountable for keeping their skills and knowledge up to date through continuing professional development, and must aim to improve their performance to enhance patients’ safety and care. Thus, my new identified learning need is to be able to develop more competent in recognising and addressing challenges relating to patients care. This is essential to develop as according to the NMC (2014), all nurses must be fit to practise and show professionalism by being able to identify and address ethical challenges that relates to patients and decision making about their care, and act within the law to assist with acceptable solution. Consequently, it is vital to develop on this. This essay has critically reflected and analysed on a personal learning experience from a clinical practice. The key points that have been discussed in the essay are that of the importance of communicating assertively with the MDT and how student nurse and nurses can improve their communication skills and maintain assertiveness to enhance patients’ safety. This is because we as nurses must provide a gold standard of care for our patients. Thus, upon improving on my identified learning need, I have been able to enhance my nursing practice in order to deliver safe care to my patients.

Culture :: essays papers

Culture The people of Aruba come primarily from European, African, and Latin American countries and the culture of the island reflects these varied backgrounds. The language, food, religion, and celebrations on Aruba are composed of a healthy mix of these countries. Aruba is closely tied to Holland because of its long occupation and present partnership in the Netherlands kingdom. The official language is Dutch, which is seen on the street signs, official documents, and many local newspapers. However, many aspects of Aruba’s culture reveal strong influences of contributing cultures, such as the common language Papiamento. Papiamento dates back to the sixteenth century, as a means for African slaves to communicate with their owners. Papiamento reflects the mentality and culture of the many peoples who have inhabited the region, including the Arawak and Carib Indians, African slaves, South American traders, Spanish conquers, Dutch merchants, Portuguese missionaries, and French and English settlers. While grammar is basic, many non-Arubans find its syntax and intonation challenging. Much of Papiamento has been handed down verbally from generation to generation. Its proverbs contain a simply stated wealth of philosophy and insight. Through humor and metaphor, utilizing food, animals, and objects from everyday life, Papiamento lends universal guidance and wisdom. Some popular phrases are â€Å"Bon Dia† for good morning, and â€Å"Masha Danki† for thank you. Aruban food is simple in preparation and taste. Mostly grilled without a lot of grease or spice, chicken, fish and vegetables are often accompanied by local vegetables such as corn, broccoli, potatoes or rice. Johnnycakes are fried biscuits prepared with slat fish (bacalaw) from Canada and Norway, which are popular in Aruba. Also popular are stews of beef, chicken, and goat, with ingredients of a cucumber called concomber and rice with black beans. Stuffed cheese, called keeshi yena, is a traditional Aruban dish dating back to the days of the Dutch West India Company. It was originally made by hollowing out the round Dutch cheeses and stuffing them with a mixture of chicken, vegetables, and spices. More modern recipes include raisins, grated cheese, breadcrumbs, olives, capers, and gherkins, and beef, fish or shrimp is sometimes used in lieu of chicken. Often eaten in place of bread is a cornmeal pudding similar to polenta. Slaves brought this recipe to the Caribbean from Wes t Africa. Culture :: essays papers Culture The people of Aruba come primarily from European, African, and Latin American countries and the culture of the island reflects these varied backgrounds. The language, food, religion, and celebrations on Aruba are composed of a healthy mix of these countries. Aruba is closely tied to Holland because of its long occupation and present partnership in the Netherlands kingdom. The official language is Dutch, which is seen on the street signs, official documents, and many local newspapers. However, many aspects of Aruba’s culture reveal strong influences of contributing cultures, such as the common language Papiamento. Papiamento dates back to the sixteenth century, as a means for African slaves to communicate with their owners. Papiamento reflects the mentality and culture of the many peoples who have inhabited the region, including the Arawak and Carib Indians, African slaves, South American traders, Spanish conquers, Dutch merchants, Portuguese missionaries, and French and English settlers. While grammar is basic, many non-Arubans find its syntax and intonation challenging. Much of Papiamento has been handed down verbally from generation to generation. Its proverbs contain a simply stated wealth of philosophy and insight. Through humor and metaphor, utilizing food, animals, and objects from everyday life, Papiamento lends universal guidance and wisdom. Some popular phrases are â€Å"Bon Dia† for good morning, and â€Å"Masha Danki† for thank you. Aruban food is simple in preparation and taste. Mostly grilled without a lot of grease or spice, chicken, fish and vegetables are often accompanied by local vegetables such as corn, broccoli, potatoes or rice. Johnnycakes are fried biscuits prepared with slat fish (bacalaw) from Canada and Norway, which are popular in Aruba. Also popular are stews of beef, chicken, and goat, with ingredients of a cucumber called concomber and rice with black beans. Stuffed cheese, called keeshi yena, is a traditional Aruban dish dating back to the days of the Dutch West India Company. It was originally made by hollowing out the round Dutch cheeses and stuffing them with a mixture of chicken, vegetables, and spices. More modern recipes include raisins, grated cheese, breadcrumbs, olives, capers, and gherkins, and beef, fish or shrimp is sometimes used in lieu of chicken. Often eaten in place of bread is a cornmeal pudding similar to polenta. Slaves brought this recipe to the Caribbean from Wes t Africa.

The Hydrogen Bomb :: World War II History

The Hydrogen Bomb Thesis Statement The hydrogen bomb is a nuclear weapon in which light atomic nuclei of hydrogen are joined together in an uncontrolled nuclear fusion reaction to release tremendous amounts of energy. The hydrogen bomb is about a thousand times as powerful as the atomic bomb, which produces a nuclear fission explosion about a million times more powerful than comparably sized bombs using conventional high explosives such as TNT. The Hydrogen Bomb The Atomic Bomb Was A Essential First Step toward the Development of the Hydrogen Bomb, Before the atomic bomb was developed by the united states during World War II, there was no way to produce the extreme amounts of heat needed to initiate the fusion reaction of the hydrogen bomb. Even after World War II, the hydrogen bomb faced many political and technical obstacles. The U.S. government gave priority to perfecting and stockpiling atomic bombs, and scientist discovered that initiating a fusion reaction was more than simply placing a container of hydrogen near a fission trigger. Tension to develop the hydrogen bomb increased in the United States after the Soviet Union set off its first atomic bomb in August 1949. The Military, the joint congressional committee on Atomic Energy, and several noted physicists, including Edward Teller And Ernest Lawrence, called for creation of a so-called super bomb, but the General Advisory of the Atomic Energy Commission (AEC), chaired by J. Robert Oppenheimer, in agreement recommended that the bomb should not be developed, because of the technical difficulties involved, the need to enlarge the Atomic Bomb reserve, and because of moral considerations. A Majority of the AEC supported this decision and passed their recommendation on to President Harry S. Truman. A National Security Council report recommend otherwise, however and at the end of January 1950, Truman ordered that the United States should investigate the possibility of producing hydrogen bombs. Edward Teller was placed in charge of the investigation. The decision to move ahead with the Hydrogen bomb development was made in response to U.S. perceptions that the USSR was close to producing its own Hydrogen Bomb. Thermonuclear devices were tested was to begin in 1952, and by 1954, both the United States And The USSR have achieved Hydrogen Bomb capability. Since That Year each side has developed nuclear arsenals that are almost entirely composed of fusion weapons, rather than fission weapons. They have reached a strategic condition that promises total destruction.

Personal Privacy and Companies Essay -- Essays Papers

Personal Privacy and Companies It is certainly a different world nowadays. You can no longer go on the internet and surf without the potential threat of your privacy being compromised and invaded. When the internet first became big you didn’t hear a lot about the issue of privacy and computers. Maybe it was because the public was naà ¯ve, but that is not the case anymore. This issue is fast becoming the heart of heated debates about how to save your privacy. Privacy is a term that is dfifficult to define, it’s different to everyone with about a zillion interpretations of the words exact meaning. So let’s take the time and gain a better understanding of it’s meaning. According to the Webster’s dictionary, privacy is seclusion or isolation from others – secrecy. On the surface this doesn’t seem like it would pertain to information systems, but think again. Everything we do on the Internet has the risk of being watched or observed. It may be from other c ompanies or scary enough the government. This issue is fast becoming the number one concern from users of the web. How can these people keep tabs on me? Technology has been a definite blessing, it’s also has the potential to be dangerous. A good example exists right here on campus. We use our social security numbers for virtually everything, from registration to purchasing books at the bookstore. If this number fell into the wrong hands it could prove disastrous to the person of that number. They would then have full access to any and all information they chose to use. They could access your banking files, your credit report and credit card numbers. They could ruin your lives in a short period of time. So in this respect privacy means a lot more than just i... ... other from access the customer’s information without consent. They will be able to choose the level of privacy they wish to have. While some analysts feel that they don’t see a trend toward software geared the consumer for at home protection, there is a definite surge toward the protection of clientele information. While most companies make a profit off of their customer information databases by selling them to third party companies, some companies like Earthlink have developed a competitive priority not to sell the information. They feel that the information they have on their customer is a privilege to possess and that the customer trust us by giving Earthlink their loyal business and we do not want to violate that. As technology grows so grows the need for companies to listen to their customers and implement a solid privacy policy that the people can trust.

Perception of a Tragic Hero: “Hamlet” Essay

Perceptions and understanding of Shakespearean language evolve as time passes. It is reasonable to believe that Laertes is more of a tragic hero than Hamlet. In order for this to be seen effectively, a comparison must be made between Laertes and Hamlet. In the play Hamlet, Laertes is a character who grabs the audience’s attention. His devotion to succeed, despite disadvantages is both motivational and tragic situations, is inspirational to some extent. His portrayal as the antagonist is very effective in conveying the message that, the easy way may not always be the right path to pursue. In the end, people are accountable for their own actions. To Laertes, the urge to avenge a loved ones death was worth taking, and is understandable in all cultures. One must remember that Laertes is not only after revenge, but also after loyalty to avenge. If Laertes were to take revenge on Hamlet, this would show only that he is interested in satisfying his own needs. However, by performing t hese acts in the name of loyalty, Laertes is ensuring that his father Polonius does not die in vain. Laertes can be thought of as more of a tragic hero than Hamlet due to greater loss in his fall, the fact that he is optimistic, his nobility and him showing a tragic flaw. A tragic hero must show a considerable loss in their fall. Hamlet went through many hardships. He lost everyone close to him, but sustained his legacy. This differs from Laertes who simply died. Unlike Hamlet, who was carried out â€Å"like a soldier, to the stage; For he was likely, had he been put on, To have proved most royally,† (V, II, 390-392). Laertes was forgotten. There was no one to remember his legacy, and because of this, Laertes has more to loose in his fall than Hamlet. Hamlet on the other hand, shows little optimism, although this is crucial characteristic of a tragic hero. The audience understands the mourning of a loved one, but the time must come when people move on. In Hamlets case, the time of mourning must have past since he is the only one that continues this. Gertrude, his mother questions this behaviour. She does so by saying, â€Å"cast thy nighted colour off, And let thine eye look like a friend on Denmark. Do not for ever with thy veiled lids Seek for thy noble father in the dust: Thou know’st ’tis common; all that lives must die, Passing through  nature to eternity,† (I, II, 68-73). On the other hand, Laertes, despite loosing his father by the hands of his friend Hamlet, still shows optimism. He had every reason to mourn, and would have the added feeling of betrayal, but even so, he is not as distraught as Hamlet. This goes to show that his optimism in justice will be served makes him a greater tragic hero than H amlet. However, another characteristic possessed by Laertes is that he is noble. He wins the admiration of the audience because of his bravery and non-hesitant behaviour. Not only does the audience admire this man, so do the characters of this play. We see that men follow Laertes to offer assistance where needed, â€Å"save yourself, my lord: The ocean, overpeering of his list, Eats not the flats with more impetuous haste Than young Laertes, in a riotous head,† (IV, V, 96-99). The devotion he has towards his cause can be shown with his self-sacrificial statement, â€Å"and like the kind life-rendering pelican, Repast them with my blood,† (IV, V, 143-144). Perhaps, the flaw that leads to Laertes’ detriment is that he is easily manipulated. Claudius, who is Hamlet’s uncle, uses Laertes for his own revenge on Hamlet. This begs the question if the first two blows encountered within the fencing match were intentional. Because of the death of his beloved sister, and the fact that his father was murdered, Laertes may have felt he no longer had anything to live for. His friend Hamlet can be linked to both deaths. Only towards the end is Hamlet able to rationalize his actions by saying, â€Å"this presence knows, And you must needs have heard, how I am punish’d with sore distraction. What I have done, that might your nature, honour and exception roughly awake, I here proclaim was madness.† (V, II, 217-223). Another factor which would lead the audience to believe Laertes intentionally let Hamlet hit him, was that Hamlet was not confident in his own fencing skills. In this statement, Hamlet is quoted saying â€Å"I will win for him an I can; if not, I will gain nothing but my shame and the odd hits,† (V, II, 171-173). This gives circumstantial evidence that Laertes was better at the sport, and therefore let Hamlet hit him the first two times on purpose. This would go with the plan set by Claudius; the first hit, he would drink to Hamlets health and then put a poisonous gem in the  wine. The second hit, Hamlet would drink the poison. Because of this manipulation, and not seizing the appropriate opportunity, Laertes was killed by Hamlet. The flaws shown in Hamlet are that he is procrastinates and that he is indirect. Hamlet shows his procrastination with the delayed killing of Claudius. An example of when Hamlet was indirect is with his feelings towards Ophelia, Laertes sister. It is clear to see what is going through her mind, when making reference to Hamlet with this song she sings while presumed insane, â€Å"by Gis and by Saint Charity, Alack, and fie for shame! Young men will do’t, if they come to’t; By cock, they are to blame. Quoth she, before you tumbled me, You promised me to wed. So would I ha’ done, by yonder sun, An thou hadst not come to my bed,† (IV, V, 57-62). The irony in this is that Laertes warned Ophelia earlier to be cautious of Hamlet by saying:Perhaps he loves you now, And now no soil nor cautel doth besmirch The virtue of his will: but you must fear, His greatness weigh’d, his will is not his own; For he himself is subject to his birth†¦ Then if he says he loves you, It fits your wisdom so far to believe it As he in his particular act and place May give his saying deed; which is no further Than the main voice of Denmark goes withal. Then weigh what loss your honor may sustain, If with too credent ear you list his songs, Or lose your heart, or your chaste treasure open To his unmaster’d importunity. Fear it, Ophelia, fear it, my dear sister, And keep you in the rear of your affection, Out of the shot and danger of desire (I, III, 14-35). In this statement, Laertes is warning Ophelia about Hamlet, he is telling her to watch out because of Hamlets status. He claims that Hamlet will never truly love her. Common characteristics of both Laertes and Hamlet are that they are obligated to commit murder. What is unique about this situation is that they both are compelled for the same reason, the murder of their father. Depending on the perspective of the audience, one of these two men can be looked at as a tragic hero. They both demonstrate the characteristics needed to be a tragic hero, but what separates Laertes from Hamlet is that he was optimistic from  the beginning and shows more ambition. He ventured into a journey in which he knew that he would never be successful. This did not stop him from attempting to achieve his objective. Laertes made it clear to Claudius that he would do anything in order to reach where he was going, he says:To hell, allegiance! vows, to the blackest devil! Conscience and grace, to the profoundest pit! I dare damnation. To this point I stand, That both the worlds I give to negligence, Let come what comes; only I’ll be revenged Most thoroughly for my father. (IV, V, 129-134). Hamlet on the other hand is contradictory to himself. In one scene, he talks about how he does not want to commit suicide because it is a sin, this is shown by saying, â€Å"to be, or not to be: that is the question: Whether ’tis nobler in the mind to suffer The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune, Or to take arms against a sea of troubles, And by opposing end them? To die: to sleep; No more,† (III, I, 57-62). Yet in another scene he comes up with a scheme to get Rosencrantz and Guildenstern killed, and plots the same as Claudius. What divides our society on a literary level is the understanding of meanings and perspective on which we see them in. Because of our culture, the audience has the ability to analyze in a way impossible in Shakespearian time. It is understandable now that Laertes is an inspirational character that was destined on a path of failure. Despite all obstacles, he accomplished his task, which represents the ambition and virtue within all people. This inspiring struggle symbolizes similar hardships known to many. Due to this, Laertes can signify the life of a realistic character. He meets the criteria of a tragic hero and represents the eternal struggle. Laertes looses more in his fall, he showed optimism and nobility, while demonstrating a tragic flaw, and by understanding the information given above, one may conclude that the memory of Laertes will no longer be forgotten.

Revenge in the Great Expectations Essay

penalise is a primary theme in the newfangled Great Expectation by Charles monster. In this novel, many characters go out of their right smart to excerpt vindicate, f either(a)ing them to misfortunes such as final stage and manacles. Dickens makes it very make pass that nil positive quite a little accompany from penalize through his characters and the provides that come from their punish. These acts begin from midget acerbity filled with passion, to prospicient and drag out dissension intertwine with malice, to lifelong blood feuds driven by hatred.Revenge comes in many formsand for Orlick, his was the sort of petty resentment filled with passion, quite a than quarry cold hatred. In the novel, Orlick acts as the chief(prenominal) antagonist he is described as tardy, as blot explained he was neer in hurry, and continuously slouching. (102), and hostile, by grave mop up that the Devil lived in a b lose corner of the forgeand it was inevitable to make a fire adept time in seven years with a live boy and I power consider myself fuel. (102). Orlick was also abusive imputable to his outburst at Mrs Gargery when she pose her effect on the fact that Joe was letting twain dispatch and Orlick deliberate as a half-holiday by saying Id save you, if you was my wife. Id hold you at a lower place the pump and choke it out of you. disrespect be mere lyric, from that moment on Orlick held a grudge on both hit and Mrs Gargery. Orlick resented Mrs Gargery for her attitude towards him. And he resented mop for having eerything Orlick wanted at the forge, inject was favoured and Orlick was bullied and beat.In Orlicks eyes Pip was al agencys in Old Orlicks delegacy since ever you was a child. (388) This tempts him into extracting revenge, by assaulting Mrs Gargery, he justifies his actions by telling Pip that it was do through you, (389) Orlick blames Pip for his misfortunes, and hates Pip to the tip that he attempted to murder him. Orl ick says Im a firing to have your life (388) this is an al microscope stageoryand has two meanings one literal, and one figurative. Orlick literally wants to come across Pips life, and kill him, depositing of his body so no one would ever love of his crime. nonetheless on the other hand, Orlick figuratively wants Pips lifehis resentment of Pip comes from his jealousy. Orlick wishes to have Pips life, to be favoured, to be wantd, to be a gentleman. But when his plans of killing Pip fails, and Orlick resortsto intermission into Pumblechooks house, and robs and beats him, he is in the long run caught and imprisonedthis reveals the dissolver of obtaining revenge, and how it leave lead unless to misfortunes. cipher good can come from revenge as sh give birth by Orlicks eventual destination prison. alike(p) Orlick, Magwitch wishes to extract his revenge as fountainheadwhich is a long dragged out strife between him and Compeyson. Magwitch loathes Compeyson for setting him up as a scrape goat in their trial.Because Compeyson looked like a gentleman he had a more than lenient penalisation than Magwitchwho exhibitd most of the blame for both of their crimes. Due to this, Magwitch has sworn to smash that slope of his (Compeysons), and I swore Lord smash exploit To do it. (322) Magwitch was willing to give up anything, and everything to get his revenge on Compeyson. He wanted Compeyson to face his wrath and shade his prolonging Magwitch was willing to give up his detect of freedom in doing so. He couldve got clear of these death-cold flats likewiseif I hadnt make disc everyplacey that he was here. (34) In the beginning of the novel, Pip meets the escape label later on introduced as Magwitch, who had filed d declare his leg iron to the point where he couldve humbled it off, and flee from the marshes simply when he had perceive Compeyson had escaped as well, he gave up his freedom, to search for Compeyson.The guards, along with Pip and Joe later found Compeyson and Magwitch in a encroachfighting each other. Magwitch gave up his chance to flee, and forsake his freedom in the stool of revenge and was dragged back to the prison on base Compeyson. Which begs the question, what is the result of chasing revenge? Magwitch was then sentenced to imprisonment for the rest of his lifewhere upon if he ever escaped again, hed face the death sentence. Magwitch is sent off to sensitive South Wales, where he worked several jobsand make a handsome amount of bills all of which he sent to Pip through Jaggers anonymously. It isnt until later in the novel does Magwitch sneaks back to England as an escaped convict, under an alias and he reveals to Pip that he is Pips benefactor. Pips discovery makes him very dissatisfy exclusively later realizes the only vogue to get Magwitch out of his life is to garter him escape England, on a boat.However again on his journey to fredoom Magwitch is confront with the same dilemma, when their steam boat is intercepted by another boat and Compeyson is on it. Magwitch is obligate to choose between freedom and revenge and he again chooses the latter, tackling Compeyson, they both pretermit into the wateronly Magwitch comes up. Asexpected, Magwitch is sentenced to deathimmediately, only his sentence is delayed when he is stricken by illness. At this point, Magwitchs death is ascertained, either he was going to die of illness or he was going to die at his sentence. This was the result of Magwitchs actions by choosing revenge over all elsenot just once, save twice. These results help emphasis that revenge is zip fastener more than a gateway to misfortunes, and in Magwitchs case that gate way is to death. get out-of-door Havisham faces a lifelong vendetta driven by her hatred of all mankind. This vendetta of her, twists her personality in venomous, sadistic and vicious ways.Out of all the characters in this novel, lose Havisham is less active in her campaign of revengebut she holds t he lengthy and most pure revenge. leave off Havisham achieves her revenge through her adoptive daughter Estella. Estella is never given the opportunity to forge her own approximations and personalityinstead she is objectified into a adolescent and beautiful tool, used exclusively for avenging devolve Havishams low-down heart. There atomic number 18 many instances of Miss Havishams cruel and sardonic personality revealed through the words she says and her actions and responses to Pip. In the beginning of the novel, she has asked Estella to play with Pip, but she refuses to play with such a universal boyin recurrence Miss Havisham says Well, you can break his heart. (54) She says it in a way that makes the human heart take care more or less like a move that can be easily broken and would be irrelevant if it did so. This demonstrates Miss Havishams view on men, and how they should have their patrol wagon broken as she once didand how shes trained Estella to do.Miss Havisha m gains much joyfulness from the discomfort and humiliation of men, she has no puzzle hurting anyone in order to extract her revengenot even Pip is spared, someone who had done nothing to a good deal her, beside be born the wrong gender. Miss Havisham lets Pip believe that she was his benefactor and that Estella was his, but when this was proven untrue and Pip confronts her she says YesI let you go on but who am I, for Gods saje, that I should be kind This shows Miss Havishams view on life she wonders why it is that she should be kind, when the world hasnt been kind to her. wherefore should she be good, when the world hasnt been nice to her. Why she should love, when the world hasnt love her. This idea of hers later becomes the very idea that eventually destroys her.Miss Havisham lives through Estella, she gains pleasure from seeing men swoon and spare-time activity Estellas attention. Sheenjoys decorating Estella in jewelalmost like she was a doll to be shown off, not at all like a daughter. However, her actions lead to many consequencesbecause of her lack of affection for Estella, Estella then grows up to be a beautiful creature rather than a human. Estella claims that she has no heart so she cannot show anyone love, not even Miss Havisham, who craved attention and love. This outrages Miss Havisham, how could her own daughter not love her? The fare was simple, I am what you have made me. Take all the praise, take all the blame take all the success, take all the failure, in short, take me. (277) Estella reveals the genius of their relationship, for her entire life Miss Havisham has only learned to take, and never had she given, she lived a egoistic lifeand was intent on getting revenge.She took the happiness away from Pip, she took away Estellas humanity and replaced it with a cold, hard, and beautiful exterior, and mostly she took away her own life. Miss Havisham froze in time, the moment she decided to avenge herself, and she gave away her life, her emotions and feelings all in the name of revenge. uniform the clocks in her house, everything was frozen in Miss Havishambecause she wanted nothing more than to see other suffer as she did. Only in doing this, she forced herself to suffer even more. Miss Havisham eventually diesalone, and unloved.This shows the result of pursuing revenge as obsessively as Miss Havisham did in return all she had left was a washed-up estate, a monster for a daughter, relatives who were after her wealth, and a life time of sorrow. end-to-end this novel, Dickens idea and opinion revolving around revenge becomes quite clear. It is evident that nothing good can come of revenge and misfortunes befall those who attempt to achieve it. Dickens makes an example out of his characters, to illustrate the aftereffect of being consumed by revengeand acting upon its temptation. Nothing good can come from attempt to avenge oneself, no matter how subtile or large the act is the results will all be the same.