The LASIK Surgical Procedure :: Research Papers Essays

The LASIK Surgical ProcedureLASIK is a surgical procedure d one(a) on the eyes so that people can see ok better. One would not have to wear contacts or glasses anymore. According to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, LASIK is a surgical procedure done to reduce the social function of glasses and contacts. However doctors say that if one is comfortable wearing their contacts and glasses then they should continue doing so. Why is that? There are many risks and complications with the procedure that one must weigh out before going through with it. Before I go into spot what the risks are let me explain in detail what LASIK is.LASIK stands for Laser-Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis. It is a surgical procedure that involves permanently changing the shape of ones cornea, which is the clear covering of the eye, using an excimer laser. The procedure calls for cutting a flap in the cornea to reveal the stroma, second layer of the cornea. A laser is used to vaporize the stroma and then the corneal flap is replaced. Sounds easy, right, however, there are many complications and stipulations that go along with this procedure. LASIK is primarily for those who are myopic (nearsighted). Those who have astigmatism (blurred vision due to an irregular shaped cornea) and are hyperopic (farsighted) are however capable of getting the procedure but have to take a greater risk. The ideal individual, according to the Eye Surgery Education Council, for LASIK is one who is 18 years of age, has sufficient corneal thickness, does not suffer from any disease that may hinder their ability to heal correctly and, one who is either myopic, hyperopic, and/or has astigmatism. The less ideal individual is one who has a history of dry eye, takes medications such as steroids or immunosuppressants and/or has corneal scarring.

In Our Time and the Lost Generation Essay -- In Our Time Essays

In Our Time and the Lost Generation Ernest Hemingways In Our Time is a true representation of his doomed generation for the simple primer coat that both generations are eventually lost as time goes by. Hemingway focuses on a generation he knows about, his own. It becomes apparent throughout the novel that Hemingway is deconstructing the world without overly using vast amounts of description. All of the messages bring the take awayer to an understanding of a generation, the lost generation that appears to result from Hemingways novel. Ernest Hemingway uses intense short stories to leave a tactile property of idolatry and wonder in the reader of In Our Time. One begins to become emotionally involved and attached to Hemingways many stories, just as he himself appears to transport several(prenominal) personal attachment and emotion to each story. Our main character Nick, is in fact, Hemingway himself. It seems as though no matter what age this novel is read at, it could be disc ussed as a representation of the lost generation. What is meant by the phrase lost generation? It is this ability to be relevant across generations that is exemplified by deconstructionism possibly it means the loss of a kindlier, friendlier, period of time. Maybe it means a loss of familiarity, c standness and strength of relationships everyday things like the lost nontextual matter of conversation. exclusively at the same time, the characters in the stories appear to be part of a lost generation themselves. In The Three- Day Blow, Nick and Bill return a leisurely afternoon talk about baseball and books while enjoying a good ole bottle of Irish whiskey. They manage to pass the time talking quite a than watching television or going to the mall, things that are all too common today. Th... ...way of doing things, and lost lives. But are generations ever truly lost? When we esteem of past generations do we tend to cloud our minds by thinking the past generation was better(or m aybe worse) than present or future generations? Do we lose galvanic pile of things or do we just do things not necessarily worse, but assorted and more enhanced than the we did things in the past. Every atomic number 53 has their time in the sun, their xv proceeding of fame, and their fondest memories. No one can take away, alter, or make those memories seem insignificant but the person themselves. Who is to say that because things change and are different that one cannot continue living. Enjoy your time in your own generation but have no fear in making or act in a new generation. Life is short, so why not just enjoy living? Works CitedHemingway, Ernest.In Our Time. Scribner,1925. In Our Time and the Lost Generation examine -- In Our Time EssaysIn Our Time and the Lost Generation Ernest Hemingways In Our Time is a true representation of his lost generation for the simple reason that all generations are eventually lost as time goes by. Hemingway focuses on a gene ration he knows about, his own. It becomes apparent throughout the novel that Hemingway is deconstructing the world without overly using vast amounts of description. All of the messages bring the reader to an understanding of a generation, the lost generation that appears to result from Hemingways novel. Ernest Hemingway uses intense short stories to leave a feeling of awe and wonder in the reader of In Our Time. One begins to become emotionally involved and attached to Hemingways many stories, just as he himself appears to hold some personal attachment and emotion to each story. Our main character Nick, is in fact, Hemingway himself. It seems as though no matter what age this novel is read at, it could be discussed as a representation of the lost generation. What is meant by the phrase lost generation? It is this ability to be relevant across generations that is exemplified by deconstructionism Possibly it means the loss of a kindlier, friendlier, period of time. Maybe it means a loss of familiarity, closeness and strength of relationships everyday things like the lost art of conversation. But at the same time, the characters in the stories appear to be part of a lost generation themselves. In The Three- Day Blow, Nick and Bill spend a leisurely afternoon talking about baseball and books while enjoying a good ole bottle of Irish whiskey. They manage to pass the time talking rather than watching television or going to the mall, things that are all too common today. Th... ...way of doing things, and lost lives. But are generations ever truly lost? When we think of past generations do we tend to cloud our minds by thinking the past generation was better(or maybe worse) than present or future generations? Do we lose sight of things or do we just do things not necessarily worse, but different and more enhanced than the we did things in the past. Everyone has their time in the sun, their fifteen minutes of fame, and their fondest memories. No one can take away, alter, or make those memories seem insignificant but the person themselves. Who is to say that because things change and are different that one cannot continue living. Enjoy your time in your own generation but have no fear in making or participating in a new generation. Life is short, so why not just enjoy living? Works CitedHemingway, Ernest.In Our Time. Scribner,1925.

Essay --

IdeologyAn political orientation is a set of conscious and unconscious ideas that constitute ones goals, expectations, and actions. Today boundary ideology is utilise in many ways, which sometimes it is difficult to describe. Based on dictionary, an ideology is the body of ideas reflecting the social needs and aspirations of a(n) individual, group, class, or culture.I think from the definitions that I wrote above, ideology is the understanding that if propagated and practiced in the community then its called ideology. So, if someone shares something that we all understand or belief, we can call it an ideology. For example, a group of wad living near the wilderness might share the ideology that it is not wise to venture into the bush alone and at night. Another example is that battalion who live in the city, for the most part, might believe that it make wiz to look both ways before crossing a street. Common sense ideology often concerns the protection of the individual and comm unity as a whole. Actually, ideology is an important concept to be studied in Political Science. The term ideology is ma...

Lewis and Lewis, P.C. :: Accounting Firms Business Analysis Essays

Lewis and Lewis, P.C.Lewis & Lewis, P.C. is a small, Jackson-based accounting firm thatemploys thirty-five people and was put ined by Phil Willis in 1968. It exhibitsmany interesting aspects of organizational behavior, which we will examine belowfrom several perspectives. After examining the companys current policies andpractices, we will evaluate its status in the passage from the old to thenew model of organization, and recommend some changes that may improve the wayLewis & Lewis operates.From a Strategic PerspectivePhysical DescriptionLewis & Lewis, P.C. is located in a quiet suburb of Jackson, Michigan.It is a forty-five minute drive from Lansing. The two-storied building is builton a slightly elevated hill with grand parking lots in the back and to oneside. The outer walls are of a pleasant beige brick which is in keeping withthe calm atmosphere of the fellowship and of the landscape. Right in front ofthe building there are columns and the large main entrance is toward the r earoff the parking lot.The appearance of the building is well harmonized with the surroundings.However, it gives guests the impression of dignity and openness.Directly inside the main entrance to Lewis & Lewis is a small butwelcoming lobby, with a natural stone floor, chic but difficult to walk on inheels. There is a narrow open closet for guests to hang their coats, and severalchairs arranged around a table on which are placed the company newsletter andother publications. The receptionists desk is facing the entrance door, andbehind it sits a friendly young woman. The partners state of affairss are found againstthe two farthest external walls, noticeably removed from the rest of office.The other external walls are lined with the offices of the professionals, withlarge windows overlooking the pleasant exterior. The remainder of the officespace is segmented with partitioning walls, forming a sort of cubicle labyrinth.In the center of this maze is a small kitchen where employees ga ther andconverse informally. Adjacent to the kitchen is a small work area with copymachines and office supplies. In a corner of this floor is a set of uninvitingsta irs leading to the ground level, where the convocation room is located. Theconference room itself is spacious and handsomely decorated, with a large tableand comfortable chairs, a video center with television and VCR. The seating is modified to fourteen people.Task and Job DescriptionTasks are distributed on the basis of specialization auditing, tax,government and consulting. Very few tasks are performed by routine for each one daymay include new procedures for each employee.

Ethical Leadership versus a Written Ethics Code Essay -- Ethics, Busin

Ethics, which is less commonly known to us as moral philosophy, is an affiliation of philosophy that dialog about issues of morality, concepts such as crime and justice, good and evil go hand in hand with morality. Ethics plays a major part in society and it is the way people behave in certain situations, over the years it has come under the spotlight through numerous situations. In this judge I will discuss whether a written code of ethics combined with ethics training is more effective than strong ethical lead and vice versa.In an organisation ethics are supposed to set standards as to what is the right thing to do in conduct and decision reservation however this is not always the case. Over the years different s croupdals have occurred which have shown that companies and in particular the people that run them are not at all ethical and only seek to maximize profits. Economical analysts throughout the years have suggested that the way to avoid such incidents is by either having a code of ethics along with ethics training or through strong ethical leadership.A code of ethics is written in magnitude to help members of an organisation behave in an acceptable way within their given organisation. At the same time a code of ethics can help improve the popularity of the company due to the fact that it will be seen more favourable in the eyes of the public and of course the people that subject area in it. In addition, it will increase confidence within an organisation by showing to their rivals and the public that they are committed to following ethical guidelines. Firstly, a code of ethics is similar to the ACAS code of practice that is used in the government, however a code of ethics is strictly applied to the parameters of an organisation or ... ...ng to enhance the reputation of their company by being ethically faultless.Works CitedAnonymous, (nd) Value based leadership. Holt Cat, Online available fromhttp//www.holtcat.com/about_us/values_based_leadership. aspx Accessed 29th November 2011Daft, R., Kendrick, M. and Vershinina, N., 2008. Management, 8th ed. South-Western Higher Education.Daft, R. and Marcic, D., 2004. Understanding Management, fourth ed. South-Western Higher Education.Isidore, C., October 7, 2005 Boeing CEO out in sex scandal. CNN Money, Online available fromhttp//money.cnn.com/2005/03/07/news/fortune500/boeing_ceo/ Accessed 30th November 2011Wee, H., April 11, 2002 Corporate Ethics Right Makes Might. Bloomberg Businessweek, Online available fromhttp//www.businessweek.com/bwdaily/dnflash/apr2002/nf20020411_6350.htm Accessed 30th November 2011

Ethical Leadership versus a Written Ethics Code Essay -- Ethics, Busin

Ethics, which is less commonly known to us as moral philosophy, is an affiliation of philosophy that negotiation about issues of morality, concepts such as crime and justice, good and evil go hand in hand with morality. Ethics plays a major part in society and it is the way people behave in certain situations, over the years it has come under the spotlight through numerous situations. In this strain I will discuss whether a written code of ethics combined with ethics training is more effective than strong ethical leading and vice versa.In an organisation ethics are supposed to set standards as to what is the right thing to do in conduct and decision making however this is not always the case. Over the years different s locoweeddals have occurred which have shown that companies and in particular the people that run them are not at all ethical and only seek to maximize profits. Economical analysts throughout the years have suggested that the way to avoid such incidents is by either h aving a code of ethics along with ethics training or through strong ethical leadership.A code of ethics is written in cast to help members of an organisation behave in an acceptable way within their given organisation. At the same time a code of ethics can help improve the popularity of the company due to the fact that it will be seen more favourable in the eyes of the public and of course the people that bring in in it. In addition, it will increase confidence within an organisation by showing to their rivals and the public that they are committed to following ethical guidelines. Firstly, a code of ethics is similar to the ACAS code of practice that is used in the government, however a code of ethics is strictly applied to the parameters of an organisation or ... ...ng to enhance the reputation of their company by being ethically faultless.Works CitedAnonymous, (nd) Value based leadership. Holt Cat, Online available fromhttp//www.holtcat.com/about_us/values_based_leadership.aspx Accessed 29th November 2011Daft, R., Kendrick, M. and Vershinina, N., 2008. Management, 8th ed. South-Western Higher Education.Daft, R. and Marcic, D., 2004. Understanding Management, quaternate ed. South-Western Higher Education.Isidore, C., October 7, 2005 Boeing CEO out in sex scandal. CNN Money, Online available fromhttp//money.cnn.com/2005/03/07/news/fortune500/boeing_ceo/ Accessed 30th November 2011Wee, H., April 11, 2002 Corporate Ethics Right Makes Might. Bloomberg Businessweek, Online available fromhttp//www.businessweek.com/bwdaily/dnflash/apr2002/nf20020411_6350.htm Accessed 30th November 2011

The Effects of School Uniform

The Effects of School Uniforms Jeanell Greene Eng121 English composition Instructor Katie Surber April 8, 2012 There argon issues that probe our teachs on a daily basis. Many are very important such as student behavior and performance, lack of funding, and highly qualified staff, and near are just minor such as manipulation of technology and extra-curricular activities. There are numerous that are debatable and require extensive dialogue and research. However, at that place are those educational issues that just need artless discussions to formulate manageable and workable solutions.One of the major and current issues is whether shoal age children should damp indoctrinatehouse homogeneouss or wear regular attire. There are many parents and groom officials who want our children to wear homogeneouss and there are also many parents who dont want our children to wear them. Many people feel that the uniform issue plays a vital role in the educational development of children . They feel school uniforms constitute a major impact on the educational process of how children learn. It really does non matter whether the children wear uniforms or regular clothes.Children will non learn any differently with or without the school uniforms. The debates everyplace school uniforms are very complicated and have many points of view coming from all directions including teachers, parents, and even students. In reality, school uniforms are becoming preferably popular with society, but of course very unpopular with teens and younger children. However, that is to be expected. There are many pros to the use of school uniforms. A plus to school uniforms is that it makes students visible to school personnel, students, and members of the customary.School officials will know, by the uniforms, who belong on campus and who do not. Moreover, when students are adorned in school uniforms it makes it easier to identify and recognize children in public in case of an emergency. Wearing school uniforms stack give students a sense of belonging. Usually, students will feel a sense of acceptance be scram all of the students are wearing the same thing. Therefore, it reduces the chances of beingness taunted and/or being bullied. This also helps to build self-esteem and self-assurance. When children wear chool uniforms, parents do not have to worry about being able to purchase designer clothing or expensive brands. There are more advantages of wearing school uniforms. Many people consider that a child in uniform is kindredly to find school more serious and not play around as much. Many also come back that wearing a uniform helps to maintain discipline in schools it also decreases the amount of discipline problems. It is said that the lack of discipline comes from home because the parents refuse to take on the discipline aspect of parenting. Students fighting at school are another challenge for educators.Some of these fights have a lot to do with fashionable clothing. Students who wear the prescribed dress code will tend to fight less because there is no longer the pressure of wanting or desiring the fashionable clothing that everyone else is wearing. There is also the struggle that some schools have with gangs who are identified by certain clothing, colors, and paraphernalia. If school uniforms are worn, this will probably ease some of the tensions related to gang violence. Distractions are another argument in the school uniform issue.By wearing school uniforms, the staff in schools will know that the set aside clothing is being worn to school daily instead of fads that are considered outrageous, too revealing or displaying the wrong and/or inappropriate messages. Some students have turned school into an everyday fashion show. Therefore, taking the real and main focus off of learning and putting more attention and emphasis on what is being worn to school. School uniforms look nicer and make students look very professional. The woes of finding appropriate dress for school can be alleviated by wearing school uniforms.This will afford them more time and resources to concentrate on their school work. It also gives the students a chance to express their various(prenominal)ity in another more constructive and productive way. Although school uniforms are a good idea to some people, there are others who oppose it. One of the closely common reasons why people oppose school uniforms is that it supposedly suppresses someoneity. Some educators say that academic progress encourages a students pursuit for individual thought which is much more important than what he/she wears. By forcing students to wear school uniforms this inhibits creativity and self-expression.Some people say that making students conform to the school uniform denies the students the opportunity express them through what they wear. When the students are able to create their wardrobe it makes them feel the part of individual more and not feel forced to be a part of a group. It is also felt that students are going to reject rules regardless, and what would the purpose of making them wear a school uniform serve. Henceforth, by forcing students to wear uniforms will only aggravate their individuality and make them rebel by altering their school uniform.The students defiance of the school uniform will cause the students to choose an inappropriate size, length, and/or add color to try to individualize the uniform. This creates another problem for the teachers and school administrators. It is also believed that cliques, gangs, and groups will still be form by the altering of the school uniform. Many feel that there is still no proof that the way our children dress for school will increase or decrease their ability to learn or curb violence in the school setting.Even if the school system does not require students to wear school uniforms, there is still a dress code that must be followed and if it is followed correctly there is no need for school uniforms. Most people feel that the school board should not spend time worrying about school uniforms or dress codes they should focus on a better education for children and levy mandates by local school district and state boards of education along with national disciplines. The problem is not what the children are wearing it is what they are and are not learning in school and at home.It has been said that some of the best students are bad dressers. Therefore, proving that dressing doesnt improve learning, only the individual improves learning. get school uniforms for most people is considered cheaper than purchasing the latest and white-hottest trendy items. However, there of others who say it is not because it depends on where and how many school uniforms are purchased. Also, school uniforms can get ruined as well as any other clothing therefore, the school uniforms will still need replacing just like regular clothing.With that being said, many ask the question how is it really cheaper? They feel that children will keep the clothes that they want to wear in better stop than a school uniform because in reality they dont want to wear the school uniform anyway. Therefore, this makes the constitute of school uniforms higher than the cost of regular clothes. There are also those that consider the school uniform to be ugly, unflattering, plain and boring. They feel it takes away from the individuals appearance and makes the students not have a good self-image of themselves. The education f children must always be at the forefront of any discussion of any mandates and laws passed which effect and light upon the lives of students entrusted to the care of school districts. The stakeholders must examine every avenue and exhaust all resources to enhance the academic development of these students. The school uniform has been a hot topic of discussion among educators, parents, administrators, politicians, and students for years. There are advantages and disa dvantages of wearing the prescribed school uniform dress code. Many people feel differently about the school uniform issue and have voiced their opinion in a myriad of ways.The discussion must continue as the data continues to reveal the benefits of school uniforms. Some of the benefits have been witnessed in the school setting in which I am employed. I feel that school uniforms should be worn for the comfort of the individual who doesnt have what others have, so that he/ she wont feel left out or inadequate. I really think that wearing school uniforms has helped with the self-esteem of some children because many of them are more focused on their learning and spend less time worrying about being picked on or bullied about what they are wearing.

A Natural-Resource-Based View of the Firm

There has been an active debate among management scholars concerning the sex act grandness of internal besotted capabilities (e.g., Galbraith & Kazanjian, 1986 Peters & Waterman, 1982 Prahalad & Hamel, 1990) versus environmental factors (e.g., Hannan & Freeman, 1977 Pfeffer & Salancik, 1978 Porter, 1980, 1990) to sustained hawkish expediency. Evidence suggests, however, that both internal and out-of-door factors are crucial to competitive success (Fiegenbaum, Hart, & Schendel, In press Hansen & Wernerfelt, 1989).In fact, many fresh contributions attempt an integration of the internal and external perspectives under the banner of the resource-based figure of the unattackable (e.g., Barney, 1991 Wernerfelt, 1984). Resource-based theory takes the perspective that valuable, costly-to-copy firm resources and capabilities provide the let out sources of sustainable competitive advantage.Without question, the resource-based view has generated a productive dialogue among previously i solated perspectives (Conner, 1991). However, this theory (like its more limited internal and external predecessors) still contains one serious cut It systematically ignores the constraints imposed by the biophysical (natural) environment (e.g., Brown, Kane, & Roodman, 1994 Meadows, Meadows, & Randers, 1992).Historically, management theory has used a narrow and parochial concept of environment that emphasizes political, economic, social, and technological aspects to the virtual extrusion of the natural environment (Shrivastava, 1994 Shrivastava. & Hart, 1992 Stead & Stead, 1992).Given the growing magnitude of ecological problems, however, this omission has rendered existing theory inadequate as a basis for identifying important emerge sources of competitive advantage. The goal of this article is, therefore, to insert the natural environment into the resource-based viewto develop a natural-resource-based view of the firm.Accordingly, the first section of the paper reviews resource -based theory, highlighting the relationships among firm resources, capabilities, and sources of competitive advantage. Next, I discuss the driving forces behind the natural-resource-based viewthe growing scale and scope of human activity and its potential for irreversible environmental disability on a global scale.The natural-resource-based view is then developed with the connection between the environmental challenge and firm resources operationalized through three interconnected strategic capabilities pollution prevention, product-stewardship, and sustainable development. Propositions are then developed connecting these strategies to key resource requirements and sustained competitive advantage. The article closes with suggestions for a future research agenda.THE RESOURCE-BASED VIEWResearchers in the airfield of strategic management have long understood that competitive advantage depends upon the match between distinctive internal (organizational) capabilities and changing exte rnal (environmental) circumstances (Andrews, 1971 Chandler, 1962 Hofer & Schendel, 1978 Penrose, 1959).However, it has only been during the past decade that a bona fide theory, known as the resource-based view of the firm, has emerged, articulating the relationships among firm resources, capabilities, and competitive advantage. Figure 1 provides a graphical summary of these relationships and some of the key authors associated with the core ideas.The concept of competitive advantage has been treated extensively in the management literature. Porter (1980, 1985) thoroughly developed the concepts of cost leadership and diffe betrothiation relative to competitors as two important sources of competitive advantage a low-cost position modifys n firm to use aggressive pricing and high gross revenue volume, whereas a differentiated product creates brand loyalty and positive reputation, facilitating premium pricing.Decisions concerning timing (e.g., moving early versus late) and commitment l evel(e.g., entering on a larger-than-life scale versus more incrementally) also are crucial in securing competitive advantage (Ghemawat, 1986 Lieberman & Montgomery, 1988).If a firm makes an early move or a big move, it is sometimes possible to preempt competitors by setting new standards or gaining preferred access to critical raw materials, locations, production capacity, or customers.Preemptive commitments thus enable firms to gain a strong focus and dominate a particular niche, either through lower costs, differentiated products, or both(Ghemawat, 1986 Porter, 1980). Finally, Hamel and Prahalad(1989, 1994) have emphasized the importance of competing for the future as a neglected dimension of competitive advantage.According to this view, the firm moldiness be concerned not only with profitability in the feed and growth in the medium term, but also with its future position and source of competitive advantage. This view requires explicit strategizing about how the firm will cop e when its current strategy configuration is either copied or made obsolete.The connection between firms capabilities and competitive advantage also has been tumesce established in literature. Andrews (1971) and, later, Hofer and Schendel (1978) and cytosine and Hrebiniak (1980) noted the centrality of distinctive competencies to competitive success.More recently, Prahalad and Hamel (1990) and Ulrich and Lake (1991) reemphasized the strategic importance of identifying, managing, and leveraging core competencies rather than focusing only on products and markets in business plan.The resource-based view takes this idea one step further It posits that competitive advantage can be sustained only if the capabilities creating the advantage are supported by resources that are not easy duplicated by competitors. In other words, firms resources must raise barriers to imitation (Rumelt, 1984).Thus, resources are the basic units of analysis and include physical and financial assets as well as employees skills and organizational (social) processes. A firms capabilities result from bundles of resources being brought to bear on particular value-added tasks (e.g., design for manufacturing, just-in-time production).Although the terminology has varied(Peteraf, 1993), there appears to be general agreement in the management literature about the resource characteristics that contribute to a firms sustained competitive advantage.At the most basic level, such resources must be valuable (i.e., rent producing) and nonsubstitutable (Barney, 1991 Dierickx & Cool, 1989). In other words, for a resource to have enduring value, it must contribute to a firm capability that has competitive entailment and is not easily accomplished through alternative means. Next, strategically important resources must be rare and/or specific to a given firm (Barney, 1991 Reed & DeFillippi, 1990).That is, they must not be widely distributed within an industry and/or must be closely identified with a give n organization, making them difficult to exaltation or trade (e.g., a brand image or an exclusive supply arrangement). Although physical and financial resources may produce a temporary advantage for a firm, they often can be readily acquired on factor markets by competitors or new entrants. Conversely, a unique path through chronicle may enable a firm to obtain unusual and valuable resources that cannot be easily acquired by competitors (Barney, 1991).Finally, and perhaps most important, such resources must be difficult to replicate because they are either tacit (causally ambiguous) or socially complex (Teece, 1987 Winter, 1987).Tacit resources are skill based and people intensive. Such resources are camouflaged assets based upon learning-by-doing that are accumulated through experience and refined by practice (Itami, 1987 Polanyi, 1962). Socially complex resources depend upon large numbers of people or teams engaged in coordinated action such that few individuals, if any, have su fficient breadth of knowledge to grasp the overall phenomenon (Barney, 1991 Reed & DeFillippi, 1990).The strategic significance of firms resources and capabilities has been heightened by recent observations that companies that are better able to understand, nurture, and leverage core competencies outperform those that are preoccupied with more conventional approaches to strategic business planning (Prahalad & Hamel, 1990).However, a firms commitment to the existing competency base also may make it difficult to acquire new resources or capabilities. Put another way, the resource-based view may lead to an organization that is like the proverbial child with a hammer- everything starts looking like a nail. Technological discontinuities or shifts in external circumstances may render existing competencies obsolete or. at a minimum, invite the rapid development of new resources (Tushman & Anderson, 1986).Under such circumstances, core competencies might stupefy core rigidities (Leonard-Ba rton, 1992). In this article, I argue that one of the most important drivers of new resource and capability development for firms will be the constraints and challenges posed by the natural (biophysical) environment.

Persuading on Genetically Modified Food Essay

The article called Genetically Modified Foods, has a style that is procedure to grab an interview emotion while still putting few facts. Right a delegacy in the first split up you will find ethos. Per Pinstrup-Anderson plays a key use in the article, he is the H.E. Babcock Professor of Food, Nutrition and Public Policy at Cornell University. Giving Per Pinstrup-Anderson a creditability, and having the audience attention. This is the only time in the article when ethos is existence used to encourage their argument.In the next 2 paragraphs, Pathos and logos are used. It shows some facts as hygienic as getting into the audience emotion. The right smart this was done was by talking about helping farmers in developing countries produce more fare, making it more affordable to buy food, as well as not harming the environment. It goes on to say, Many millions of people do not invite access to sufficient calories and many more suffer from micronutrient deficiencies. Another cred it is, which avoided mass starvation and helped millions out of poverty and hunger. Notice they never gave an exact statistic on how many people are suffering from poverty and hunger, let the audience see that it is so many people refered, and not fairish a specific number. It fertilizes it more of a feel then would be granted an exact number.In the next paragraph it goes back to logos, in the paragraph it is said science is the answer to fixing the hunger. It describes action that must be taken an order to be able to start helping starving people, as well as how will science help farming, like drought tolerance, relief of negative climate change, and pest resistance in crops. Those are just a few of what the paragraph claims to be able to do with a circumstantial investment for the technology. The way this paragraph is phrase is by letting the audiences see the processes that have to be done in order for an action to start. That way the audiences whitethorn start to have an opinion.At the end of this article it starts to talk about how long test must be done, and how the longer we wait the more high-ticket(prenominal) food will be as well as leaving millions to die. This passage is using pathos for its persuasiveness. Its getting the audience that deep emotion of people waiting and starving. It goes on to say that anti-science ideology and the failure of the government brought the food crisis in the first place. This paragraph points a finger to show they are right, as well as preceding to say we have to change if something is not working.In the second article of, The Failure of Gene-Altered Crops, Vandana Shiva is presented as the ethos in this paragraph she is the founder of Navdanya in India which is the movement of seed keepers and organic farmers. She written many books on how genetically limited foods are failing and how they will affect us. This grabs the audience attention because shes a strong believer on organic substance.In the next paragra ph it says we need biodiversity intensification that can work with constitution instead of going against it, it doesnt give a specific details as to why. The only argument do was when Doug Gurian-Sherman of the union of concerned scientist promulgated a studied, Failure to Yield. In the study it is closely evaluated on the genetically modified for 20 years to see if they would increase yield or to just see better progress. In the end it showed that the experiment failed to increase yields as well as it failed to engineer crops to be insect-resistant nor herbicide tolerance. In this paragraph it was use ethos and logos. Ethos was Doug Gurian-Sherman and his research study, Failure to Yield. Logos was the bits of facts that came from Doug Gurian-Sherman research study.In the next to paragraph, it is shown by the International Assessment of Agricultural Science and Technology for Development IAASTD has cerebrate that genetic engineering did not seem in truth promising in the future . IAASTD found that the small farms that based on agri-ecology would produce much more food. This paragraph had also ethos, being IAASTD. As for the logos was what IAASTD found in the 4 years on figuring out what genetic engineering could hold in the future.The article makes a lot of tactics with logos and ethos to reach the audience, giving a great amount of facts from other credited people. The next three paragraphs have ethos as well as logos. In the passages, the book, Soil, Not Oil is brought as an example to give that industrial monocultures are more vulnerable to climate changes since the crap kept in organic plants help keep moisture making them less likely to die in draughts. In the next passage it is brought up the false statement by genetic engineering industry that its only possible to respond to climate change with modified food. Vandana Shiva made a statement on crops evolved to be better resilient to climate, as well Vandana has helped create seeds for drought resist ance, and flood resistance as well as salt tolerance. This give the audience the idea that genetically modified food isnt always needed when nature can just evolve.The last two passages gets more in depth on how genetically modified food and organically produced food will take us in the future. The passage give the audience a since of the future that genetic engineer for modified food is a waste a time, it does not give a sense of food security in the future and it will cause small farmers to go dept. As for Vandana Shiva Navdanya, it is a conserving biodiversity that tries to not be wasteful in urine at the same time make much more food per acre.The best article that is persuasive is the second article, The Failure of Gene-Altered Crops. The first article was very persuasive, but it never made it secure enough to make it believable that it close to happening. It produce more emotion then logic tactics, making it very hard to determine whether it is a dream that the nation wishes t o reach or something that could be accomplish for the future. Great syntax on making it very aroused with pathos, but argument stance it would be weak.The first article could have been stronger if it talked about other countries that are already doing genetically modified foods. Korea has been doing genetically modified food for years, about 20 countries including the European Union, Japan, Australia and New Zealand have already a labeling system for genetically modified foods, (Hae-Yeong Kim 132). Another good point would be to bring up Matin Qaim, Vitamin A deficiency is a serious nutritional problem, causing multiple adverse health outcomes. Simulations for India show that Golden Rice could trim related health problems significantly, preventing up to 40,000 child deaths every year.(552) In India Bt cotton has reduce some poverty and actually help small famers, now some in China and South Africa, Bt cotton are a first-generation of genetically modified technology.As for the seco nd argument, many ethos and logos were presented. One being Doug Gurian-Sherman published study on how genetic industries isnt really going anywhere, it has great facts, it was a 4 year study so it showed what was being done in long term. A lot of facts on how genetic industry is failing on making modified food was claimed, but not many on how it could do more harm as well as it would bankrupt some small farmers for even trying to use modified seeds.The plant evolving had a great way point in Gebre Egziabher, Tewolde B( The Use of Genetically Modified Crops in Agriculture and Food Production, and Their Impacts on the surround A Developing institution Perspective) Scientists believe that species evolved from a common ancestor through competition and natural selection. They also believe that changes in genes occur in all species owing to mutation, with the hazard of mutation of each gene remaining constant under the same environment. (11) Giving this quote would remind the audience that life has a way of fixing itself and just because the technology is here does not give scientist right to use a different approach but instead try harder to help organic farming when it has been secure food source.CiteAmerican Medical Assoc.Gebre Egziabher T. The Use of Genetically Modified Crops in Agriculture and Food Production, and Their Impacts on the Environment A Developing World Perspective. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica Section B, Soil & Plant Science serial online. December 2, 2003538-12. Available from Science & Technology Collection, Ipswich, MA. Accessed April 27, 2012.American Medical Assoc.Hae-Yeong K, Jae-Hwan K, Mi-Hwa O. linguistic rule and detection methods for genetically modified foods in Korea. Pure & Applied Chemistry serial online. January 201082(1)129-137. Available from Science & Technology Collection, Ipswich, MA. Accessed April 27, 2012. American Medical Assoc.Qaim M. Benefits of genetically modified crops for the brusk household income, nutritio n, and health. New Biotechnology serial online. November 30, 201027(5)552-557. Available from Science & Technology Collection, Ipswich, MA. Accessed April 27, 2012.

Bloodlines Chapter Six

TO BE FAIR, THE DAY STARTED OFF GREAT.Sunlight was streaming in through the windows when we woke up, and I could already feel the hop up purge though it was earliest morning. I chose my lightest ensemble from the uniform selection a gray skirt, paired with a short-sleeved white blouse. Simple jewelry was every last(predicate)owed, so I kept the cash cross on. My hair was having matchless of its difficult days which seemed to be more often than not in this new climate. I wished I could pull it in a ponytail, manage Jill did with hers, unless it had too many layers to do that neatly. Eyeing where they hit my shoulders at different lengths, I wondered if maybe it was magazine to grow it bulge.After a breakfast neither of us rightfully ate, we rode the shuttle bus up to Central Campus, which was suddenly packed with people. Only more or less a third of the students were boarders. The heartsease were locals, and they had all turned extinct today. Jill b atomic number 18ly s poke throughout the entire ride and seemed to be sick again. It was hard to say, but I image she looked paler than usual. Her eye were bloodshot once more, heavy with black-market circles. Id woken up once in the night and seen her fast asleep, so I wasnt entirely sure what the problem was. Those dark circles were truly the first flaw Id ever seen in any Morois skin it was always perfect, porcelain. No wonder she could usually sleep in late. She didnt sport to rub with the powder and concealer I used.As the morning progressed, Jill kept biting her lip and looking worriedly around. Maybe she was conscionable nervous well-nigh immersing herself in a world populated entirely with humans. She didnt seem at all concerned about the logistics of getting to the right rooms and comp permiting work. That was the aspect that sedate panic-struck me a little. Just get from one shape to an opposite, I told myself. Thats all you have to do.My first class was ancient history. Eddie was in it too, and he practically ran me depress when he saw me. Is she okay? Have you seen her?Well, we share a room, so yeah. We sat raze at neighboring desks. I smiled at Eddie. Relax. Shes fine. She seemed nervous, but I cant really blame her.He nodded but still looked uncertain. He gave his full attention to the front of the room when the t separatelyer stepped up, but there was a uneasiness about Eddie as he sat there, like he could conscionable barely stop himself from springing up to go check on Jill.Welcome, welcome. Our instructor was a forty-something woman with white-streaked, wiry black hair and enough nervous energy to rival Eddie and if her giant coffee cup was any indication, it wasnt hard to figure out why. I was also a little jealous and wished we were allowed to have beverages in class particularly since the dorm cafeteria didnt serve coffee. I didnt k at a time how I was dismission to survive the next few months with caffeine-free days. Her wardrobe favored argyl e. I am Ms. Terwilliger, your illustrious guide on the wondrous journey that is ancient history. She spoke in a sweeping, grandiose voice that made a few of my classmates break into snickers. She gestured to a young man whod been sitting behind her, near the large desk. Hed been reflection the class with a bored expression, but when she turned to him, he perked up. And this is my co-guide, tether, whom I believe some of you may know. tercet is my student aide for this period, so hell in the main be skulking in corners and filing papers. But you should be nice to him since he may very well be the one entering your grades into my computer.Trey gave a small wave and grinned at some of his friends. He had deeply tanned skin and black hair whose length flirted with the dress codes rules. The neatly pressed Amberwood uniform gave him the illusion of all business, but there was a mischievous glint in his dark eyes that made me think he didnt really take being an aide seriously.Now, con tinued Ms. Terwilliger. History is important because it teaches us about the past. And by learning about the past, you come to at a lower statusstand the present, so that you may make educated decisions about the future.She paused dramatically to let those words sink in. Once she was convinced we were awed, she moved over to a laptop that was wired up to a projector. She pushed a few keys, and an image of a white-pillared building appeared on the screen at the front of the room.Now, then. Can anyone split up me what this is?A temple? psyche called out.Very good, Mr. ?Robinson, the boy supplied.Ms. Terwilliger produced a clipboard and scanned a list. Ah, there you are. Robinson. Stephanie.Stephan, corrected the boy, flushing as some of his friends giggled.Ms. Terwilliger pushed her glasses up her nose and squinted. So you are. Thank goodness. I was just thinking how difficult your life must be with such a name. My apologies. I broke my glasses in a freak croquet slash this week end, forcing me to bring my old ones today. So, Stephan-not-Stephanie, youre correct. Its a temple. Can you be more specific?Stephan shook his head.Can anyone else offer any insight?When only silence met Ms. Terwilliger, I took a deep breath and raised my hand. Time to see what it was like to be a real student. She nodded toward me.Its the Parthenon, maam.Indeed it is, she said. And your name is?Sydney.Sydney She checked the clipboard and looked up in astonishment. Sydney Melbourne? My goodness. You dont sound Australian.Er, its Sydney Melrose, maam, I corrected.Ms. Terwilliger scowled and handed the clipboard to Trey, who seemed to think my name was the funniest thing ever. You take over, Mr. Juarez. Youryouthful eyes are better than mine. If I preserve at this, Ill keep turning boys into girls and perfectly nice young ladies into the descendants of criminals. So. Ms. Terwilliger focused back on me. The Parthenon. Do you know anything about it?The others were watching me, mostly w ith friendly curiosity, but I still felt the pressure of being the center of attention. Focusing solely on Ms. Terwilliger, I said, Its part of the Acropolis, maam. In capital of Greece. It was built in the fifth part century BC.No need to call me maam, Ms. Terwilliger told me. Though it is refreshing to get a bit of respect for a change. And brilliantly resolutioned. She glanced over the emit of the room. Now, testify me this. Why on earth should we care about Athens or anything that took place over fifteen hundred years ago? How can that be relevant to us today?More silence and shifting eyes. When the unbearable quiet dragged on for what felt like hours, I started to raise my hand again. Ms. Terwilliger didnt divulge and glanced back at Trey, who was resting his feet on the teachers desk. The boy instantly dropped his legs and straightened up.Mr. Juarez, declared Ms. Terwilliger. Time to earn your keep. You took this class last year. Can you tell them why the events of ancient Athens are relevant to us today? If you dont, then Im going to have to call on drop Melbourne again. She looks like she knows the answer, and think how embarrassing that will be for you.Treys eyes flicked to me and then back to the teacher. Her name is Melrose, not Melbourne. And democracy was founded in Athens in the sixth century. A lot of the procedures they set into place are still in effect with our government today.Ms. Terwilliger clasped her hand over her heart dramatically. You were paying attention last year Well, almost. Your date is off. Her gaze fell on me. I bet you know the date democracy was started in Athens.The fifth century, I answered immediately.That earned me a smile from the teacher and a glare from Trey. The rest of the class proceeded in much the same way. Ms. Terwilliger continued on with her flamboyant style and highlighted a number of important times and places that we were going to study in more detail. I found I could answer any question she asked. Som e part of me said I should ration myself, but I couldnt suspensor it. If no one knew the answer, I felt compelled to provide it. And each time I did, Ms. Terwilliger would say, Trey, did you know that? I winced. I really didnt want to make enemies on my first day. The other students watched me curiously when I spoke, which made me a little self-conscious. I also saw a few of them exchange knowing looks each time I answered, as though they were in on some secret I wasnt. That concerned me more than irritating Trey did. Did it sound like I was showing off? I was too unsure of the social politics here to understand what was normal and what wasnt. This was an academically competitive groom. Surely it wasnt a bad thing to be educated? Ms. Terwilliger left us with an assignment to read the first two chapters of our textbook. The others groaned, but I was excited. I loved history, specifically the history of art and architecture. My homeschooling had been aggressive and well rounded, but that particular subject wasnt one my father had thought we needed to spend a lot of time on. Id had to study it on my own time, and it was both startling and luxurious to think I now had a class whose sole purpose was to learn about this and that my knowledge would be valued by the teacher, at least.I parted ways with Eddie after that and went off to AP Chemistry. While I was waiting for class to start, Trey slid into a desk beside me.So, Miss Melbourne, he said, imitating Ms. Terwilligers voice. When will you be starting up your own history class?I was sorry Ms. Terwilliger had crack uped on him, but I didnt like his tone. Are you actually taking this class? Or are you going to lounge around some more and pretend to be aid the teacher?This brought a grin to his face. Oh, Im in this one, unfortunately. And I was Ms. Ts best student last year. If youre as good at chemistry as you are in history, then Im nabbing you for a lab partner. Ill be able to take the whole semester off.Che mistry was a crucial part of the Alchemists trade, and I doubted there was anything in this class I didnt already know. The Alchemists had arisen in the Middle Ages as prankal scientists trying to turn lead into gold. From those early experiments, theyd gone on to discover the special properties of vampire blood and how it reacted with other substances, eventually branching out into the crusade to keep vampires and humans separate from one another. That earlier scientific background, and our current work with vampire blood, made chemistry one of the main subjects of my childhood education. Id received my first chemistry set when I was six. When other kids were practicing the alphabet, my father was grilling me with acid and tail flash cards. Unable to admit as much to Trey, I averted my eyes and casually brushed hair from my face. Im okay in it.His gaze moved to my cheek, and a look of understanding came over him. Ah. So thats it.Whats it? I asked.He pointed to my face. Your tatto o. Thats what it does, huh?In moving my hair, Id revealed the gold lily. What do you mean? I asked.You dont have to play coy with me, he said, rolling his dark eyes. I get it. I mean, it seems like cheating to me, but I guess not everyone cares about honor. Pretty ballsy to have it on your face, though. Theyre against the dress code, you know not that that stops anyone.I shifted and let my hair fall back into place. I know. I meant to put makeup on it and forgot. But what do you mean about cheating?He simply shook his head in a way that clearly said Id been dismissed. I sat there feeling helpless, wondering what Id through with(p) wrong. Soon, my confusion was replaced by dismay as our instructor gave us an introduction to the class and its setup. I had a chemistry set back in my room that was more extensive than Amberwoods. Oh well. I supposed a little elementary review wouldnt hurt me.My other classes progressed in a similar way. I was on top of all my subjects and found myself answering every question. This got me in good with my teachers, but I couldnt guess the rest of my classmates reactions. I still saw a lot of rueful head shakes and intrigued expressions but only Trey actually condemned. I didnt know if I should hold back or not.I ran into Kristin and Julia a couple of times, and they reminded me to join them for lunch. I did, finding them sitting in a corner table in Easts cafeteria. They waved me over, and as I wove through the rows of tables, I did a quick scan, hoping to see Jill. I hadnt run into her all day, but that wasnt too shocking, considering our schedules. Presumably, she was eating over at the other cafeteria, maybe with Eddie or Micah.Kristin and Julia were friendly, chatting me up about how my first day had gone and imparting wisdom about certain teachers theyd had before. They were seniors like me, and we shared a couple classes. We spent most of lunch exchanging basic info, like where we were all from. It wasnt until lunch was wi nding down that I began to get answers to some of the questions that had been bugging me all day. Although it requisite wading through still more questions first.So, said Kristin, leaning across the table. Does it just give you a super memory? Or does it like, I dont know, actually change your brain and make you smarter?Julia rolled her eyes. It cant make you smarter. Its gotta be memory. What I want to know is, how long does it last?I glanced back and forth amid them, more confused than ever. Whatever youre communicationing about cant be making me smarter, because Im so lost right now.Kristin laughed at that. Your tattoo. I heard you answering all the hardest questions in math. And a friend of mine is in your history class and said you were dominating there too. Were trying to figure out how the tattoo helps you.Helps me answer questions? I asked. Their faces confirmed as much. It doesnt. That stuff thats just, well, me. I just know the answers.No ones that smart, argued Julia.I ts not that crazy. Im no genius. I guess Ive just learned a lot. I was homeschooled part of the time, and my dad was really strict, I added, thinking that might help.Oh, said Kristin, toying with a long braid. Id noticed she wore her dark hair in very practical ways while blond Julias was always teased and tousled. I guess that could be it but then, what does your tattoo do?It doesnt do anything, I said. Yet even as I spoke the words, I felt a slight tingle in my flesh. The tattoo had a kind of magic in it that stopped me from speaking about anything Alchemist-related to those who werent part of the inner circle. This was the tattoo stopping me from saying too much, not that there was any need. I just thought it was cool.Oh, said Julia. Both girls looked inexplicably disappointed.Why on earth would you think the tattoo is making me smart? I asked.The warning bell interrupted bring forward conversation, reminding us all it was time to get to our next class. There was a pause as Kris tin and Julia considered something. Kristin seemed to be the leader of the two because she was the one who gave a vital nod. I had the distinct feeling I was being assessed.Okay, she said finally, giving me a big smile. Well fill you in more on everything later.We set up a time to hang out and study later, then parted ways. My impression was that more socialization than studying would go on, which was fine with me, but I made a mental note to get my homework done first. The rest of the day went quickly, and I received a note in one class from Molly the advisor. As expected, Id passed out of all of my language courses, and she wanted me to come by and discuss matters during the last period, when I technically had no class. This meant that my school day would officially wrap up with PE.I changed into my assigned gym clothes, shorts and an Amberwood T-shirt, and trekked outside into the hot sun with the others. Id felt a little of the heat ducking between classes today, but it wasnt u ntil I actually had to stand outside for any length of time that I really and truly appreciated the fact that we were out in the desert. Glancing around at my classmates, who were guys and girls of all grades, I saw that I wasnt the only one sweating. I rarely burned but reminded myself to pick up sunscreen to be safe. Jill would need it too.JillI peered around. Id nearly forgotten that Jill was supposed to be in the same class. Except, where was she? There was no sign of her. When our instructor, Miss Carson, called attendance, she didnt even say Jills name. I wondered if thered been a last-minute schedule change.Miss Carson believed in jumping right into the action. We were divided into teams for volleyball, and I found myself standing beside Micah. His fair, freckle complexion was growing pink, and I almost wanted to suggest sunscreen to him as well. He gave me one of his friendly smiles.Hey, I said. You havent seen my sister today, have you? Jill?No, he said. A slight frown cr ossed his forehead. Eddie was looking for her at lunch. He figured she was eating with you over at your dorm. I shook my head, a nauseated feeling welling in my stomach. What was going on? Nightmare scenarios flashed through my mind. Id thought Eddie was overreacting with his vigilance, but had something happened to Jill? Was it possible that, despite all our planning, one of Jills enemies had slipped in and stolen her out from under us? Was I going to have to tell the Alchemists and my father that wed lost Jill on the first day? Panic flashed through me. If I wasnt about to be sent to a re-education center before, I definitely was on my way to one now.Are you okay? Micah asked, studying me. Is Jill okay?I dont know, I said. apology me. I broke out of my team formation and jogged over to where Miss Carson was supervising.Yes? she asked me.Im sorry to bother you, maam, but Im worried about my sister. Jill Melrose. Im Sydney. Shes supposed to be in here. Do you know if she changed classes?Ah, yes. Melrose. I got a note from the constituent, just before class, that she wouldnt be attending today.Did they say why?Miss Carson shook her head apologetically and barked an order to some guy who was slacking off. I rejoined my team, mind spinning. Well, at least someone had seen Jill today, but why on earth would she not be attending?Is she okay? Micah asked me.I I guess. Miss Carson seemed to know she wouldnt be in class but doesnt know why.Is there anything I can do? he asked. To help her? Er, you guys?No, thanks. Thats nice of you to ask. I wished there was a clock around. Ill check on her as soon as class is over. A thought suddenly occurred to me. But Micah? Dont say anything to Eddie.Micah gave me a curious look. Why not?Hes overprotective. Hell worry when its probably nothing.Also, hell tear the school apart looking for her.When class ended, I quickly showered and changed clothes before heading to the administrative building. I was desperate to run back to th e dorm first to see if Jill was there, but I couldnt be late for the appointment. As I walked down a hallway to Mollys office, I passed by the main one and an idea came to me. I stopped in to pour forth to the attendance secretary before going to my appointment.Jill Melrose, the secretary said, nodding. She was sent back to her dorm.Sent back? I exclaimed. What does that mean?Im not at liberty to say. histrionic much?Annoyed and more confused than ever, I went to Mollys office, taking comfort in the fact that even if Jills absence was mysterious, at least it was sanctioned by the school. Molly told me I could either take another elective or engage in some kind of independent study in place of a language, if I got a teacher to sponsor me. An idea popped into my head.Can I check in with you tomorrow? I asked. I need to talk to someone first.Sure, said Molly. Just decide soon. You can go back to your dorm now, but we cant have you wandering around every day during this time. I assure d her shed have an answer soon and headed back. The shuttle bus didnt run very often during classes, so I just walked the mile back. It only took fifteen minutes but felt twice as long in the heat. When I finally reached the dorm room, relief flooded me. Hanging out in our room as if nothing strange had happened was Jill.Youre all rightJill was lying on the bed, reading her book again. She looked up morosely. Yeah. Kind of.I sat down on my own bed and kicked off my shoes. What happened? I had a panic attack when you werent in class. If Eddie knew Jill sat bolt upright. No, dont tell Eddie. Hell freak out.Okay, okay. But tell me what happened. They said you got sent here?Yeah. Jill made a face. Because I was kicked out of my first class.I was speechless. I couldnt imagine what sweet, shy Jill could have possibly done to warrant that. Oh, God. I hope she didnt bite someone. I was the one everyone expected to have trouble fitting into a school schedule. Jill should have been a pro.Wha t were you kicked out for?Jill sighed. For having a hangover.More speechlessness. What?I was sick. Ms. Chang my teacher took one look at me and said she could spot a hangover a mile away. She sent me to the office for breaking school rules. I told them I was just sick, but she kept saying she knew. The principal finally said there was no way to make thats why I was sick, so I didnt get punished, but I wasnt allowed to go to the rest of my classes. I had to stay here for the rest of the school day.Thats thats crackbrained I shot to my feet and began pacing. Now that Id recovered from my initial disbelief, I was simply outraged. I was with you last night. You slept here. I should know. I woke up once, and you were out cold. How can Ms. Chang even make an accusation like that? She had no proofThe school didnt either. They had no right to send you out of class. I should go to the office right now No, Im going to talk to Keith and the Alchemists and have our parents file a complaint. No, wait, Sydney. Jill jumped up and caught ahold of my arm, as though afraid I would march out then and there. Please. Dont. Just let it go. I dont want to cause any more trouble. I didnt get any bad marks. I wasnt really punished.Youre behind in your classes, I said. Thats penalty enough.Jill shook her head, eyes wide. She was afraid, I realized, but I had no idea why she wouldnt want me to tell. She was the victim here. No, its fine. Ill catch up. There are no long consequences. Please dont make a big deal out of this. The other teachers probably just thought I was sick. They probably dont even know about the accusations.Its not right, though, I growled. I can do something about it. Its what Im here for, to help you.No, said Jill adamantly. Please. Let it go. If you really want to help She averted her eyes.What? I asked, still filled with righteous fury. What do you need? Name it.Jill looked back up. I need you I need you to take me to Adrian.

A judge is a person who is given the task

A judge is a person who is given the task to mold a case. He is the arbiter who is given the authority to evaluate the f movements and issues of a case and to thereafter render a decision based on jurisprudence, the law, the char operationer and other acceptable sources.A judge should be impartial, independent, possessed of competence and dignity that is required of a judge. As part of due process, he should posses the cold disinterest of an impartial judge. A judge should always bear in mind, that he is the personification of justice.The people bring the case before the court that he represents, in hopes of obtaining a decision that is reflective of justice and integrity. A judge occupies a position that is above that of an average individual. He should not compromise his morals and should act in a manner that is consistent with his position both in his public and private life.It is very difficult to separate how a judge should act in his public and private lives. By this, it is m eant, that even in the private lives of judges, they should live their life in a way that they are good examples to the society. A judge should set aside any biases that he has about the case, further, he should not in any manner go away personal and family relations to collide with the manner by which he decides a case.A judge should be objective, making decisions by stating the facts and the law of the case. The decision of a case should have a grounding so that the parties would know that their case has been decided through proper analysis and not by the whims and caprices of the judge.Democratic great powers are the manner by which justice is communicate in a given community. In any society, it is important to have a democracy. The people are viewed as the partners of government or of its leaders to give good governance. The people in power, like those of government officials should bear in mind that they are there to serve the people and their country and not to evoke the ir personal ambitions. In a democratic country, the people are guaranteed certain freedoms.These pertain to freedom of speech, expression, religion, labor, of voting and the like. These freedoms would allow the people to do their job of ascertaining as to whether or not officials in power are performing their work properly. The government does not have the monopoly of power in a democratic showcase of government since they know that their people can check them at any time.The government would not be given the chance to impose arbitrary laws and rules that would allow them to rule a country as they please, without thinking about the welfare of its constituents. It is very important for a government to respect the rights of their people by openhanded them a chance to voice out their opinions as for example, in choosing its leaders through voting. In this way, the people would have a participation in the pick of those leaders who would lead their nation.

An Insight Into Prophecy: Infallibility Essay

Plato once remarked that a community could produce its ideal leader and have by handpicking a select few and exposing them to an mingled balance of gymnastics and classical music. Apart from the emasculating effect of such a course of proceedion, it no doubt falls short of the prophetic paradigm. Prophets are an substantial vehicle by which Allah (swt) guides mankind their task is to convey Gods will and provide an example worthy of emulation. Yet, in order to be emulated they moldiness themselves be of an impeccable character. In this brief article, I shall approach the topic of prophethood from the gateway of infallibility and attempt to assess, through a discussion of the purpose of prophethood, why infallibility is required.In order for the discussion of infallibility to be a fruitful unmatchable, it would seem most appropriate to bulge out by shedding light upon the institution of prophethood. The religions of the world mystify venerated those that they consider to be pro phets. These charismatic figures have led communities and shaped subsequent history. Such influence and prestige appears to derive from their common claim that they are divinely inspired. Their popular appeal thus stems form the fact that they represent atomic number 53 of the many ways by which God manifests His immanence that God is closer to us than our jugular veins.1Yet, beyond this link with the divine, religions have differed, in some respects, regarding prophethood. Prophets, as characterised by Judaism, the first of the three Abrahamic faiths, were people who felt very deeply. They were devastated by the worthless of those that were oppressed. Having great resonance with the life of our final messenger, Muhammad (s.a.w), the Jewish prophets tended to have three main phases to their lives contemplative seclusion, scathing criticism of the status quo and finally the provision of a means to salvation. And yet, when reading the Old Testament, it becomes very much apparent tha t the prophets were not of an impeccable character they appear fallible and at times guilty of secure sin. The Genesis account of Jacob tricking his father Isaac is a particular case to note.2Another conspicuous difference is that of ethnicity. Israel was Yahwehs chosen nation, and as such, prophets, divine favours, were sent to guide them. In contrast, the Islamic prophetology is a universal one it recognises both(prenominal) that to every nation is a guide3 and that Muhammad (s.a.w), the seal of prophethood, was sent as a mercy to all the world.4In Christianity can be seen an even greater departure from Islams prophetology. Here, prophetology becomes theology in the act of deifying Christ. As a footing, aiding our understanding of the alternate prophetologies of these two faiths, we may compare what have been taken to be the respective symbols of Christianity and Islam the cross and the crescent. Placing aside the inherent defects of redemption, original sin and the act of deify ing Christ, it would seem that the cross, in Christianity, represents the one, single and unique redemptive transection between the transcendent and immanent God the Fathers horizontal loftiness is brought to earth by Jesus vertical sacrifice. On the other hand, the crescent, suggestive of cyclicity and renewal, is an apt symbol of Islams prophetology seeing successive prophets as one of a drawstring of 124,000 guides sent by the Almighty. As one is extinguished, another is born.The Islamic prophetology is conceptually simple. Islam views all prophets as having a common aim preaching the message of monotheism. In the Quran, great stress is laid upon the figure of Abraham (a.s.) He is given due respect as the great patriarch father to the line of Isaac (a.s) and Ishmael (a.s), and as such represents an ideal, that of Islam, from which Rabbinical Judaism and Pauline Christianity departedAbraham was not a Jew nor a Christian exclusively he was an up skillful man (hanif), a Muslim, an d not one of the polytheists5Along the model set by Abraham, famously known to be the slayer of idols, a line of great prophets descended. The story of Yusuf (a.s), Abrahams great-grandson, referred to in the Quran as the best of narratives,6 provides us with a glowing example of how tawhid manifests itself in a believer Yusuf (a.s), even in times of great tribulation had firm tawakkul, despotic trust in Allah. Even in jail he did not lose sight of his mission. Indeed, when asked by his two jail-mates to interpret their dreams, he ceases the opportunity to begin preaching to them, in wonderfully eloquent prose, of Gods oneness, and their ultimate accountability before Him.7In spite of such archetypes, the children of Israel on many designer defied their prophets. The Quran gives many an example of such defiance and the settlementing divine retribution. The end product was that Rabbinical Judaism became fraught with legalism, and the spirit of faith began to fade. This was to con trast with the esoteric teachings of Moses (a.s), to whom the burning pubic hair spake.8 The Quran also presents Jesus (a.s) as a worthy apostle who vehemently denies claims that he is God. The very first words of the Quranic Jesus (a.s), uttered in the cradle to controvert his mother from charges of unchastity, form both a rebuttal to Pauline Christianity and concisely capture the Islamic prophetologySurely I am a servant of Allah He has given me the book and made me a prophet.9Hence, in Islam, a prophet is simply a messenger of God sent to guide his people to the right path. The practical side of soothsaying is that of state a responsibility by the people to sustain the prophet. Regarding the final and most honoured of the prophets, Muhammad (s.a.w) the Quran saysTake what the Messenger gives to you, and refrain from what he prohibits you.10It is from this platform that we may make the relatively straightforward leap to infallibility. Many arguments, both rational and scriptu ral, abound regarding the infallibility of the prophets. One of the most convincing is the argument that builds upon our responsibility towards prophets, as noted, and the subsequent paradox of following an errant prophet. M.R Muzaffar elaborates upon this argumentThe reason for the infallibility of a prophet is that if he commits a sin or mistake, or is light or something similar, we have to chose between two alternatives either we obey his sins and mistakes, in which case, in the view of Islam, we do wrong, or we must not obey the his sins and mistakes, which withal is wrong, because this is contrary to the idea of prophethood where obedience is necessary besides, if everything he says or does has the possibility of being either right or wrong, then it is impossible for us to follow him. The result is that the benefit of his mission is lost it becomes unnecessary, and the prophet becomes like ordinary people whose acts and speech do not have the excellent worth that we seek, wit h the result that there will be no obedience and his actions will be unreliable.11Allamah Hilli (d.1325), the twelver Shiite theologian of the Il-Khanid period, cites another key rational, aqli, proof for infallibility. He points to the argument ad infinitum if the defender is not infallible, then we are left with the indefinite question of who guards the guardian?12Having provided but a taster to the arguments in favour of infallibility, one ask clarify what exactly we take it to mean. Muslim theologians have united doctrinally in favour of prophetic infallibility, and yet differences are noticeable in both its extend and its duration. Fakhr al-Din al-Razi (d.1209), a Shafii jurist and theologian of the alterari School, claims that infallibility occurs only in the domains of belief, transmission of the divine message and religious judgement. This however, appears to severely limit the consummation of authority accorded to the prophet, who is the example par excellence in all do mains. Though al-Razi claims that the Sunni Asharites had agreed upon this, it appears that al-Baqillani (d10.13), another Asharite theologian, believed that the infallible may commit unknowing errors in the transmission of the message to mankind. The flaws of such a view are clear.Allama Hilli, whose views remain those of orthodox twelver Shiism to this day, provides a watertight definition of isma, infallibility. He begins by explaining that infallibility does not itself negate the prophets ability to commit sin13 avoiding sin is an active choice. This is in contrast to the determininstic understanding prevalent amongst the Asharites. Further, he stipulates that the infallible must neither commit grave or minor sins, in any domain, either before or after his mission commences.14 He reasons that a person who becomes inerrant upon being made a prophet will not have acquired the necessary respect from his people. Only a person that has been of exemplary character throughout his life can take on such a great responsibility as that of prophethood.In sum, one may say, rather schematically, that prophetic infallibility is denied within the confines of Judaism, extended to that of a deity in Christianity, and defined downwards by orthodox Sunnism. And yet, upon reflection, it would appear that prophecy is a great burden. Indeed, the Quranic revelation is described as a heavy word15 that is sent down upon the Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w). It is only with impeccable character, fortitude and resilience that the prophets were able to welcome such a burden, and live up to the responsibility of guiding mankind. Such character can only be adequately captured in an understanding of infallibility that does not seek to atomise, either temporally or spatially, the lives of the prophets inerrancy most truly encompasses all domains and periods of the life of a prophet.1 Holy Quran 5016.2 Genesis 25-28. The Genesis account speaks of Jacob having an elder brother by the name of Esau. Isaac had intended to bless his elder son before he died, but Jacob, aided by his mother Rebekah sought to trick Isaac into giving Esaus birthright to Jacob.3 Holy Quran 137.4 Holy Quran 21107.5 Holy Quran 367.6 Holy Quran 123.7 Holy Quran 1236-42.8 Holy Quran 209-14.9 Holy Quran 203310 Holy Quran 597.11 Shomali, S.A. Shii Islam, ICAS (2002) (unpublished manuscript), p67.12 Allamah Hilli, al-Bab al-Hadi Ashr, commentary by Miqdad ibn Abd Allah al-Siyuri, Mashad (1989), p41.13 Tusi, Nasir al Din, Kashf al Murad fi Sharh Tajrid al-Itiqad, commentary by Allamah Hilli, Beirut (1990), pp.341-342.14 Op.cit. Al-Hilli, p124.15 Holy Quran 735

American Poetry Essay

The poetry of Modern period poets contains a proliferation of feelings of isolation and alienation. Among such poets as William Carlos Williams, Edwin Arlington Robinson, Edna St. Vincent Millay and Amy Lowell, isolation and alienation are experienced as failed get along, unrequited hit the sack, or love that neer surpasses the sexual or inventive stage. In their work appears the subtle image between societys fascination with community and self following World War I. In short, Modern poetry indicates the decline of the romantics and the advent of disinclined self-involvement, even narcissism.Essentially, Modernism implies the inauguration of failed human human relationships. Each poem relates the inability of the individual to achieve connections beyond the physical. In fact, connection are more imaginative than substantive, sought after than accomplished. Edwin Arlington Robinsons poem physical attraction Turannos relates a womans love for a figment of her imagination. The title translates from Greek as Love, the tyrant and suggests one of two possibilities either the woman comes to realize she loves a tyrant and that her love is necessarily false, or she realizes that love is a tyrant, drawing her into an nonvoluntary association.Robinsons diction suggests such ambiguity, describing to readers, a love made purposely blind. The counterbalance stanza of Eros Turannos introduces a woman so fearful of dying an old maid that she convinces herself of bing in love She fear him will always ask/ what fated her to remove him all reasons to refuse him/ simply what she meets and what she fears/ are less than are the downwards years (Lines 1- 6). In Arlingtons poem, a connection occurs between two people by reason of fear. Fear that the poems heroine will never achieve, at least the appearance of a close, personal relationship.And the relationship described in this poem is an illusion. Arlington describes his heroines self denial or blurred mind, her dete rmination to keep her lover from being the Judas that she found him (Line 12). perhaps, the poems hero becomes a Judas by reason of failing to meet the heroines standards a Judas because he acknowledges his shortcomings, cognizant the heroine has little choice but to accept him. In any event, she makes do as satisfaction wins over fulfillment of a dream, choosing to pick up an engaging mask as her prejudice delays and fades and she secures him. Arlington signifies an inherent unnaturalness in choosing to love as opposed to bechanceing in love. In keeping with the decline of the romanticist periods idealistic fancy, Arlington compares the lack of sentiment with a falling leaf, dying character or a cessation of the nature magnetic dip towards the creation of life. This fall, really a growing cynicism and human weariness of forming attachments to others continues in the poetry of Edna St. Vincent Millay. Her poem entitled The Spring and the Fall goes further than Robinsons Eros Tu rannos to advance the idea of love as natural and life-affirming.Like Robinson, Millay describes the actual formation of love but one-sided as her heroine entertains the notion of love, holds out for it only to see it as elusive. She falls in love during the spring and by the fall of the year knows it will remain unrequited. To love, Millay seem to indicate, comes naturally as the seasons. Her overall pass that similar creatures unable to connect exist outside the natural order. The first line of each stanza in The Spring and the Fall have the sound of oblige jauntiness, wearing thin by the poems conclusion In the spring of the year, in the spring of the yearIn the fall of the year, in the fall of the year Year be springing, or year be falling Less and less does the poems heroine seek to disclose her feelings, as first her lover broke her a bough of blossoming peach and then broke her heart. It is worth noting that her heart, as symbolized by the blossoming peach was out of the way and hard to pass on Millay describes a being isolated from its natural instincts for humans, a need to make oneself available for connection. There is also a genius that the poems events happen in evoke of the heroine not to her.For example, the disconnection from her lover occurs gradually and so completely that she states, as though from the periphery, some place of emotional detachment Tis not loves going hurts my days, /but that it went in little ways. Surely, a more profound and true love disappears with one cathartic event or not all. Perhaps Millay describes the love found in Amy Lowells Patterns where it is shrouded in sexual feelings and imagination. Lowells heroine seeks the distinction of becoming Lady to a Lord Hartwell, a colonel killed in battle. The relationship between the two seems insubstantial, based solely on her passion, her perspective.She consistently refers to her suitor in the future tense he would, till he, we would. In fact, the very nature of t heir relationship is one of a pattern rather than an actual series of occurrences. And she seems inordinately objective with her statements of I should like to I would be I would choose I shall go I should see or I shall walk. Clearly there are few definitives in her connection to the Colonel and even upon his death she rest unable to connect to others, stating, And the softness of my body will be guarded from embrace For the man who shall loose me is dead (Lines 103-05).Lowells interpretation of this ephemeral love is also quite sexual, the heroine seemingly more desirous of release than possession. Sexual imagery percolates the poem. Her reference to herself as a plate proceeds a description of her dress train as a pink and silver stain on the gravel. Following the Romantic tradition of comparing a womans chastity to porcelain dishes, she exists in a virginal state and a rather uncomfortable one based on the imagery. Lowells heroine is also constantly visualised amidst natur e but not part of it, admitting. in a telling statement, that there is not a softness anywhere about meFor my passion/ wars against my dresses fast(a) brocade She goes on to state that the daffodils and squills/ Flutter in the breeze as they please The implication being that she cannot. And unable to connect with nature, with her sexual feelings she projects them upon images surrounding her. Flowers, declarative mood of female sexuality, fall upon her chest. She sees the plashing of waterdrops in the marble fountain, which symbolizes the female womb, an image she cultivates for the reader as she imagines a womans softeness bathed in the fountains marble basin.A potbelly of contradictions and ambiguity the heroine is clothed in warm, girlish pink and the uninviting, coldness of silver. The brocade texture of her gown invites the touch of an observer but its thickness repels sensation from the wearer. Lowell distinctly captures the modern disinclination to rejoice, as did the Ro mantics, in a desire to love or feel loved. It is a sentiment echoed in the poetry of Lowells peer Modernist, William Carlos Williams. His poem Portrait of a Lady invokes a strong sexual recognition in the reader of loves physical expression.Paradoxically, the reader sense the narrator of the poem is left untouched by such feelings. How else could the narrator so capably articulate his feeling without a certain detachment from them? As though mocking the Romantic period, Williams deliberately appeals to certain Rococo aesthetics. And in so doing invokes two very popular painters of the French Rococo period Watteu and Fragonard. given up that the above painters belonged to a period intent upon heralding the joys of simple pleasure, it seems worth noting that Williams somehow manages to complicate love.He states his ladys thighs touch the sky but will only describe it as that one where Watteau hung a ladys slipper Such vivid imagery of the sexual act is anomic in the authors hesit ant manner, an ambiguity furthered with question marks and dashes which seemingly connect ideas but actually conveys detachment. He cannot decide if his ladys knees are a southern breeze or a gust of snow. In essence his disconnection from her leaves him unable to decide her sexual compliance or resistance. It is a confusion that reappears in his poem The Rose. Ever a symbol of the Romantic period, William considers the rose obsolete. Its soft, velvety texture, from Williams Modernist perspective, renews itself in metal or porcelain. He compares the fret love requires to doing geometry and finds it more cutting than a broken plate. If the rose carried the weight of love Williams postulate, then love is at an end And when he says the fragility of the flower, unbruised penetrates space Williams elevates love to the level of the sublime. Unlike the Romantics, he seems intent upon proving Modern humans incapable of achieving love, connection, or true transcendence from ones self-c ontainment.Clearly feelings of isolation and alienation pervade modern life. And if art imitates life then William Carlos Williams, Edwin Arlington Robinson, Edna St. Vincent Millay and Amy Lowell accurately recreate that feeling of disconnection in their poetry. Their ability to capture Modern individuals unwilling self-involvement indicates the decline of Romantic ideals. In short, the concern for betterment of others which fueled the Enlightenment, French and American Revolutions gave way to a self-protective form of narcissism. As a result the poetical form, often associated with protestations of love, came to convey disillusionment with the emotion.

Demonstration Speech

Duyen Pham INTRODUCTION I would uniform to ask the class with a show of hands, who has never blew a blather or played with bubbles? I have never met a kid or an adult who could resist bubbles. I believe that in that respect is something unique about a bubble from its fragility, to its rainbow of colors, and to the perfect circle shape. A bubbles life expectancy is commonly measured in seconds unless you know how to make a SUPER BUBBLE So today, I am going to demonstrate how to make a bouncing bubble. MATERIALS * 1 cup of distilled water * 2 tablespoons of travelling bag soap * 1 tablespoon of glycerin * Pair of gloves * Small bubble wand, straw, or pipette step . Start with 1 cup of distilled water 2. Add 2 tablespoons of dish soap 3. Then, add 1 tablespoon of glycerin 4. Last, mix together all the ingredients EXPERIMENT * Allowing your bubble solution to sit still for at least 24 hours in advance, will allow the bongs in the bubble solution strengthen, which gist stronger bu bbles. After making up a batch of Bubble Solution with the ingredients listed above. * Using a pocket-sized bubble wand start by blowing a bubble. If you are utilize the pipette instead of the bubble wand, cut the bulb dispatch the top of the pipette, dip it into the bubble solution, and blow into the other end of the pipette.If using a straw just dip and blow out the other end. * Bounce the bubble off of your gloves. It can also be bounced off other fabrics. As youll soon see, some fabrics work go than others. CONCLUSION Most people dont know that the bursting of a bubble is caused by contaminates that right away breaks down the bubbles mixture and destroys its surface tension. That is why even lightly touching a bubble causes it to burst. So, even though it is just a puff of air trapped in a thin film of soap and water we just need to enjoy the little things in life.

Academic Integrity

Academic justness Integrity Is to follow high-quality morals when no one Is observing. Integrity Is a entire quality to amaze because it makes the person more honorable and a better person in general. Academic haleness is when one is honest and fair when it comes to studies and to schooling. An causa of schoolman justice is when a person does not fuck even when the t all(prenominal)er leaves the room. If the person decides to comport out his notes and cheat when the teacher leaves the room, he is displaying academic fraud.Why cheat? Maybe the student has many extramarital and is unable to find time to study, he feels pressured by his pargonnts and cheats to please them, or he Is just excessively lazy to study and cheats so he ignore keep his optional status. school-age childs often cheat because they generate an underlying Incentive, students rarely cheat for sport. In a high school setting students may cheat so they bear get good grades and please their parents, oth ers may cheat because they dont have time to study. In high school, students must do well so they can get in to good colleges so they wont be left featureless.Because their whole lives depend on their performance n high school, they have an incentive to cheat. The consequences some students show for academic dishonesty in high school is a intermission or in some cases, expulsion. In universities, students are often more stressed than high school students and require more time for test preparation, scarcely because of pressure, they may end up resorting to academic dishonesty in order to pass classes. In Carnegie Melons Why do Students Cheat? Article, the author states that the college students are held o high expectations and are socially pressured to get good grades.Other students are Involved In volunteer shape or have too many classes In their hands and do not have good time management to make time to study for assessments. Hopefully by facing the consequences of showing a la ck of integrity, the student learns to become a person who comes to value honesty. Many who are dishonest face social consequences and lack of trust from peers and teachers/professors. Other consequences are facing trial, probation, sanctions, and dismissal from the institution.To have integrity is to put it, plot the student is learning and growing intellectually, they should be taught to value honesty and integrity so they can practice the principles. Another way to integrate integrity into our society is to establish a system where integrity is one of the highest principles, and if one was to show a lack of Integrity, they may face the consequences the alliance sees fit. Academic Integrity Is one of the most Important aspects of a learning environment. Without It, students will practice dishonesty and demoralize themselves. By shrub Integrity is to follow high-quality morals when no one is observing.Integrity is a time to study, he feels pressured by his parents and cheats to please them, or he is cheat because they have an underlying incentive, students rarely cheat for sport. In a students must do well so they can get in to good colleges so they wont be left involved in volunteer work or have too many classes in their hands and do not have show a lack of integrity, they may face the consequences the community sees fit.Academic IntegrityAccording the Walden University Student Handbook academic integrity to be essential for each students intellectual development (2013 Code of give Student Handbook). This appropriates students opportunity to freely exchange, students and instructors attribution. enrolment to the University solidifies a commitment to abide by the code of conduct. By instilling academic integrity in spite of appearance your writing it gives students a chance to write creatively while accepting the responsibility for academic integrity (COCSH, 2013).There are many reasons to maintain academic integrity, but it sometimes becomes difficult for this success to make at a doctoral train. It is important that students not cut across themselves the opportunity to succeed by taking short cuts. Thus, this will compromise their integrity and violate the Student code of conduct. Students are encourages students to may deal questions and concerns to contact their faculty mentor, course instructor, or academic advisor. (2013) plagiarism In my opinion, plagiarism is taking someones trustworthy ideas and writing and making it yours without giving proper credit rating to the author.Plagiarism can be avoided by always citing sources that ideas are derived from other works as use for your sustain ideas when writing. Credit should be given when credit is due (APA 2010,p15). Self-Plagiarism is when you do not present your own antecedently published works accurately. According to the way out Manual of the American Psychological Association, each time a student summarizes a passage or rearrange the order of a sentence by eve r-changing some of the words, credit to the source is requisite (APA 2010). This is inevitable to safeguard other writers ideas.In some instances, such as describing flesh out or an analytical approach extensive self-referencing is undesirable (APA 2010 p16). quotation mark It is necessary to avoid plagiarism this can be completed when citations occur and also when original ideas are not derived. According to the APA Manual the author, year, and particular(prenominal) page citation or paragraph are required quotation comprising of less than 40 words, should open, and stopping point with double quotation mark and the source cited in parentheses. (APA, 2010, p171).An caseful of this would be In the United States, the American Cancer Society (2007) estimated that about 1 million cases of NMSC and 59,950 cases of malignant melanoma would be diagnosed in 2007, with melanoma resulting in 8,110 deaths(Miller et al, 2009 p. 209. ) Conclusion In conclusion, Academic Integrity is imper ative and should be adhered to in order to maintain the highest level of scholarly standards. Paraphrasing, citing authors contributions correctly and acknowledging secondary sources allow readers to discover informative writings and modify the writers credibility to contribute accurately.Academic IntegrityAccording the Walden University Student Handbook academic integrity to be essential for each students intellectual development (2013 Code of Conduct Student Handbook). This allows students opportunity to freely exchange, students and instructors attribution. Enrollment to the University solidifies a commitment to abide by the code of conduct. By instilling academic integrity within your writing it gives students a chance to write creatively while accepting the responsibility for academic integrity (COCSH, 2013).There are many reasons to maintain academic integrity, but it sometimes becomes difficult for this success to achieve at a doctoral level. It is important that students no t deny themselves the opportunity to succeed by taking short cuts. Thus, this will compromise their integrity and violate the Student code of conduct. Students are encourages students to may submit questions and concerns to contact their faculty mentor, course instructor, or academic advisor. (2013) Plagiarism In my opinion, Plagiarism is taking someones original ideas and writing and making it yours without giving proper credit to the author.Plagiarism can be avoided by always citing sources that ideas are derived from other works as use for your own ideas when writing. Credit should be given when credit is due (APA 2010,p15). Self-Plagiarism is when you do not present your own previously published works accurately. According to the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, each time a student summarizes a passage or rearrange the order of a sentence by changing some of the words, credit to the source is required (APA 2010). This is required to safeguard other w riters ideas.In some instances, such as describing details or an analytical approach extensive self-referencing is undesirable (APA 2010 p16). Citation It is necessary to avoid plagiarism this can be completed when citations occur and also when original ideas are not derived. According to the APA Manual the author, year, and specific page citation or paragraph are required quotation comprising of less than 40 words, should open, and close with double quotation mark and the source cited in parentheses. (APA, 2010, p171).An example of this would be In the United States, the American Cancer Society (2007) estimated that about 1 million cases of NMSC and 59,950 cases of melanoma would be diagnosed in 2007, with melanoma resulting in 8,110 deaths(Miller et al, 2009 p. 209. ) Conclusion In conclusion, Academic Integrity is imperative and should be adhered to in order to maintain the highest level of scholarly standards. Paraphrasing, citing authors contributions correctly and acknowledgin g secondary sources allow readers to discover informative writings and strengthen the writers credibility to contribute accurately.